SAT Vocabulary: Argument
Words for claims, reasons, and evidence, each in a short sentence.
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Debate on bus times
Maya paused in the school debate and had to acknowledge that the other team had a fair point about crowded buses.
Letter about a parking sign
Rosa's letter to the town paper would allege that the new parking rule was never posted on Oak Street.
Flyer for the club budget
The club vote flyer used an analogy, likening the budget fight to a boat that takes on water.
Review of a mystery novel
The book review rested on an assumption that every reader already knew how the mystery ended.
Comments at a block gathering
At the neighbor meeting, one speaker's bias toward the park plan showed in every sentence he offered.
Opening speech on start times
Jordan opened the school debate with a claim that later start times would help students stay awake.
After the losing vote
Once the club vote ended, Priya did concede that the losing plan had one useful idea.
Fair board wrap-up
The science-fair write-up ended with a conclusion that the plants by the window looked healthier.
Sunday library hours
Letters to the town paper showed a consensus that the library should stay open on Sundays.
Two flyers about a fence
Leo stopped the neighbor meeting to point out a contradiction between the two flyers about the fence height.
Phones in class
The school debate took up a controversy over whether phones belong in class at all.
Second letter on a crosswalk
A second letter to the town paper helped corroborate the account of the broken crosswalk light.
Dues increase debate
During the club vote, Nadia offered a counterclaim that higher dues would drive members away.
Dates that do not match
The book review questioned the writer's credibility after two dates in the story did not match.
Sidewalk plan remarks
Sam stood at the neighbor meeting and gave a critique of the sidewalk plan, naming what worked and what did not.
Footprints by the gate
From the muddy footprints and the open gate, the debate coach made a deduction that someone had crossed the field.
Photos of a flooded corner
The letter to the town paper offered evidence in the form of three photos of the flooded corner.
One late bus
Chris, speaking in the school debate, would exaggerate by saying one late bus ruined the whole year.
One complaint, every member
The club flyer committed a fallacy by treating one complaint as a sign that every member was unhappy.
All mysteries, one pattern
The book review slipped into a generalization that every mystery hides the culprit until the last page.
Shade and cooler soil
The science-fair poster named its hypothesis in ordinary words: shade would keep the soil cooler.
A note about lost sleep
The neighbor's note never said the dog was noisy, but it did imply that by mentioning lost sleep.
Empty chairs in the gym
Seeing empty chairs and a dark gym, Aisha drew an inference that the club meeting had already ended.
The closed door in chapter twelve
The book club asked Dana to interpret the last chapter and say what the closed door stood for.
A longer lunch line
Luis tried, in the school debate, to justify a longer lunch by pointing to meals eaten in a rush.
A closed bridge and a detour
The town-paper letter relied on logic: if the bridge is closed, the detour must be marked.
Blank ballots and yes votes
Elena raised an objection during the club vote, refusing to count blank ballots as yes votes.
The oak on the corner
Mr. Cole opened the neighbor meeting with an opinion that the oak tree on the corner should stay.
Calm examples for the judges
The debate captain hoped to persuade the judges with two calm stories rather than a shout.
Short novels can feel whole
A book review built from this premise: a short novel can still feel complete.
A dated photo of a pothole
At the neighbor meeting, a dated photo served as proof that the pothole had been there since March.
A claim limited to seniors
Omar had to qualify his claim in the school debate, adding that the idea worked only for seniors.
Why the crosswalk matters
One letter gave a reason for the crosswalk: children cross that corner after school.
Answering the picnic charge
A club speaker stood to rebut the charge, answering that the picnic had paid for three needed repairs.
Plots that do not match
The book review set out to refute the idea that the novel copied an older plot by showing the two plots share no scenes.
A poster and its theme
A science-fair judge asked about relevance, wondering how the poster connected to the assigned theme.
Stirring phrases, thin facts
Most of the neighbor's speech was rhetoric, full of stirring phrases and thin on facts.
Why the vote failed
With no minutes in hand, the town paper could only speculate about why the evening vote failed.
Athletes and homework
The school debate warned students against a stereotype that every athlete ignores homework.
Missed trash pickups
To substantiate the complaint, the letter listed the dates of three missed trash pickups.
Kindness over winning
The book review stated its thesis in the first line: the story values kindness over winning.
A voice vote and the bylaws
Club members questioned the validity of counting a voice vote when the bylaws require paper ballots.
Two minutes on the mural
Each viewpoint at the neighbor meeting got two minutes on whether the mural should stay.
Cloudy photos and a broad claim
The science-fair notes said those cloudy photos did not warrant a claim that rain helps every plant.
Missing the bus, staying calm
The school debate opened with an anecdote about a student who missed the bus and still arrived calm.
A stop sign before winter
The letter made an assertion that the corner needs a stop sign before winter.
A budget that needs steady dues
The club chair added a caveat that the budget plan works only if dues stay the same.
Finding the discussed page
The book review included a citation so readers could find the page being discussed.
Panels that disagree
The science-fair poster lost coherence when the last panel disagreed with the first.
A shorter shared fence
As a concession, the neighbor agreed the fence could be shorter on the shared side.
Rain and a light turnout
Without the full tally, the town paper offered a conjecture that rain had kept voters home, based on wet papers by the door.
Late buses and the setting
The school debate made more sense in context once students heard about the late buses.
Lights and fewer complaints
The letter noted a correlation between new street lights and fewer evening complaints.
Rules for the mural contest
The club posted its criteria for the mural contest: clarity, kindness, and a tie to the town.
Truth or a friend
The book review described the hero's dilemma of whether to tell the truth or protect a friend.
A path on only one map
Neighbors found a discrepancy when one map showed a path the other map left out.
A guess versus a backed point
The debate coach drew a distinction between a guess and a point backed by a checkable detail.
Safety in the last line
The letter put emphasis on safety by repeating the crosswalk concern in the last line.
One tomato in the heat
As an example, the science-fair student described one tomato plant that wilted in the heat.
A tie and a second vote
The club rule had an exception allowing officers to vote twice only to break a tie.
Where the park bench went
The town paper asked for an explanation of why the bench was removed from the park.
Twenty minutes in line
The school debate stuck to one fact: the cafeteria line takes twenty minutes.
An ending that rushes
The book review named a flaw in the ending, which solves the problem too quickly.
Morning light and a taller fence
The neighbor's question carried an implication that a taller fence would block the morning light.
Quiet street, loud siren
The letter showed an inconsistency by praising the quiet street and then demanding a louder siren.
Empty bike racks
Empty bike racks outside the debate were an indication that rain had kept riders home.
Reading the old motto
The club offered an interpretation of the old motto, taking it as a call to share the work.
Readers still arguing the ending
The book review treated the surprise ending as an issue readers still argue about.
A chart people can read quickly
The science-fair notes gave a justification for the simple chart: visitors needed to read it quickly.
Room for two cars
The neighbor added a limitation, saying the shared driveway plan fits only two cars.
Lunch and class time
The school debate corrected a misconception that a longer lunch cuts class time every day.
Noon rush and evening calm
The letter captured a nuance: the park can be busy at noon and still feel calm at dusk.
Chairs still empty at seven
The club secretary recorded an observation that half the chairs were still empty at seven.
A hard choice flattened
The book review called the last chapter an oversimplification that flattened a hard choice into a slogan.
A shortcut that takes longer
The town paper described a paradox: the new shortcut made the morning drive longer.
Turns to talk about homework
Each speaker in the school debate shared a perspective on the homework load.
One poster, the whole fair
Judges questioned the plausibility of a claim that one poster changed the whole fair.
Keep Friday meetings
Before the club vote, Ren stated a position in favor of keeping the Friday meetings.
Crosswalks marked to the corner
The letter praised the map's precision, since each crosswalk was marked to the corner.
Sad endings and seriousness
The book review challenged the presumption that a sad ending is always more serious.
Shade trees along the lane
The neighbor meeting considered a proposition to plant shade trees along the lane.
Only the three pots on display
The science-fair conclusion added a qualification that the result describes only the three pots on display.
A line from the handbook
The debate binder included a quotation from the student handbook about phone use.
From a flood to a drain
The letter's reasoning ran from the flooded corner to a request for a new drain.
What the picnic money covered
The club's rebuttal to the dues complaint listed three costs the picnic actually covered.
The town was not invented
The book review offered a refutation of the rumor that the writer had invented the town, pointing to old maps.
Show the petition first
A skeptic at the neighbor meeting asked to see the petition before trusting the count.
Who read the totals
The town paper named its source as the clerk who read the vote totals aloud.
No ridership numbers
The school debate drifted into speculation when nobody had the ridership numbers.
A secret ballot
The club secretary read a statement that the coming vote would be secret.
Lights off at ten
The letter accepted the park plan with one stipulation that the lights must go off at ten.
Three points in plain words
The science-fair card closed with a summary of the three main points in plain words.
Reasons to keep the oak
The neighbor offered support for keeping the oak: shade, birds, and a place to meet.
Waiting in the rain
In the school debate, a parent's testimony described waiting twenty minutes in the rain.
The missing letter
The book review discussed a theory that the missing letter explains the hero's silence.
Sharing the hall in November
The club chose a topic for November: whether to share the hall with the chess group.
Who locks the gate
The town paper noted an ambiguity in the notice, which never said who would lock the gate.
Why the window seat helps
The science-fair student gave an argument for the window seat: more light, less crowding, and easier viewing.
Students and the phone rule
The school debate revealed Imani's belief that students should help write the phone rule.
Thanks for the fresh paint
The letter ended with a comment thanking the crew that repainted the crosswalk.
City noise and a quiet farm
The book review used a contrast between the noisy city chapters and the quiet farm ending.
A floodlight and lost sleep
At the neighbor meeting, criticism of the bright floodlight focused on sleep and safety.
A morning meeting
The club chair expressed doubt that enough members would attend a morning meeting.
Shade and damp soil
The science-fair write-up reported a finding that the shaded pot stayed damp longer.
Conversation, not only rest
The town paper offered an insight that people wanted the bench back for conversation, not only for rest.
A kind sentence shifts the room
During the school debate, one remark about kindness changed the tone of the room.
A lower fence and a shared cost
The letter's response to the fence complaint offered a lower design and a shared cost.
A bench near the shade
The neighbor closed with a suggestion to place the new bench under the oak.