Ohio's State Tests Science Grade 5

1.From a bluff near Marblehead, a heavier rock and a lighter rock are released together above the Lake Erie shore. Air resistance is small enough to ignore. Which statement is right?

2.Toledo is cold in January, and a student says that happens because Earth is far from the Sun. Earth is actually nearest the Sun early in January. Which statement is accurate?

3.A thin crescent Moon is visible over South Bass Island at Put-in-Bay. A visitor says the dark portion is Earth's shadow and that this shadow appears almost every night. What is accurate?

4.In February, slabs of ice float in the Port Clinton harbor while liquid water from Lake Erie stays beneath them. Why does the ice remain on top?

5.During an evening program at John Bryan State Park, near Yellow Springs, a guide connects the bright object of daytime with the distant points of light overhead. What is the Sun?

6.Snow on a bench in Logan, near the Hocking Hills, warms in the sun and becomes a puddle. The puddle is still water. What kind of change is the melting?

7.On a December afternoon in Chillicothe, the Sun is low and the courthouse flagpole throws a long shadow across the lawn. How does a low Sun affect a shadow?

8.Just after sunrise on the Cleveland lakefront, the Sun is in the eastern sky. Which way does a lamppost's shadow fall across the path?

9.At noon on a clear day in Columbus, students note where the Sun is and which way a stick's shadow points on level ground. What do they find?

10.A buckeye tree in a Lancaster yard is building sugar in bright light and giving off oxygen gas. Where does that oxygen gas come from?

11.On a March day at Kelleys Island, lake ice, liquid water, and invisible water vapor above the harbor are all present. How are those three related?

12.A closed container in Sandusky holds 180 grams of ice. The ice melts, and no water leaves the container. What is the mass of the liquid water?

13.In a kitchen in Marietta, a spoon of salt is stirred into warm water until the grains can no longer be seen. Has the salt stopped being salt?

14.At Maumee Bay, an empty bottle is pushed mouth-down into the water, and the inside stays mostly dry. What is already inside the bottle?

15.In a Dayton classroom, baking soda and vinegar meet in a cup. A fizzing gas appears that was not in either material before they were combined. What does that gas show?

16.A steel chain left on a damp dock in Lorain grows a rough reddish-brown coat after several weeks. What is that coat?

17.A tin has a mass of 25 grams. A cook in Findlay adds 60 grams of sugar and 140 grams of water, then seals the tin. After the sugar dissolves, what is the mass of the tin and everything in it?

18.A 52-gram piece of cornbread on a table in Ironton is broken into six crumbs and chunks. What is the total mass of those pieces?

19.Water boils in a pot on a stove in Bowling Green. Bubbles rise, and gas leaves the surface. What is happening to the water?

20.On a warm afternoon in Athens, droplets cover the outside of a cold metal cup. The cup has no crack, and the drink inside is not leaking. Where did the droplets come from?

21.A puddle on a warm sidewalk in Columbus shrinks until the concrete looks dry. The water was not boiling. What happened to it?

22.A sealed jar garden in a Newark classroom has a mass of 360 grams. Days later, droplets hang on the lid and the soil looks drier. The seal was never opened. What is the mass now?

23.A tray of liquid water is left in a freezer in Tiffin until every bit of it is solid ice. What kind of change is that?

24.In Zanesville, a potter presses a lump of soft clay into a bowl. The clay is not baked. It is still the same clay, only in a new shape. What kind of change is the shaping?

25.A sealed balloon in a Steubenville gym is full of air and round. If that same air were let out into the gym, what would the air do?

26.A jar of water from the Sandusky River has sand swirling in it. After the jar sits, the sand is on the bottom and can be caught in a filter. What does that show about the sand?

27.A drawer in a Wooster workshop holds steel screws, brass screws, and wooden pegs. A magnet is passed over the mix. Which objects does the magnet pull out?

28.A flat volleyball in a Tiffin gym is placed on a balance. Air is then pumped in and the valve is capped. How does the mass change?

29.At Caesar Creek, a chunk of pine and a limestone pebble are set in the water. The pine floats and the pebble sinks. Which comparison explains that?

30.In a rock club in Athens, block R has a mass of 24 grams and a volume of 48 cubic centimeters. Block S has a mass of 80 grams and a volume of 20 cubic centimeters. Which block is denser?

31.A steel bridge over the Muskingum River in Zanesville has narrow gaps in the deck. Why are those gaps built into the bridge?

32.An apple breaks from a branch in an orchard near Wooster and falls to the grass. What pulls the apple downward?

33.A rock collected at Flint Ridge has a mass of 2 kilograms. If that same rock were on the Moon, which statement would be right?

34.From a balcony in Cincinnati, one flat sheet of paper and one tightly crumpled sheet of the same paper are released together. The crumpled sheet lands first. Why?

35.A sled is given the same push on dry grass and on smooth ice in Akron. It slows and stops much sooner on the grass. Why?

36.A textbook sits still on a desk in Kent. Gravity pulls the book down. Why does the book stay at rest?

37.The same wagon in German Village is pushed once gently and once with a much harder push. The wagon starts from rest both times. What does the harder push do?

38.Two wagons in Dayton get the same push. One wagon is empty. The other is loaded with bricks and has much more mass. Which wagon's speed changes less?

39.A kayak on the Little Miami River near Milford travels 16 kilometers in 4 hours at a steady pace. What is its speed?

40.A soccer ball rolls straight across a field in Dublin. A player kicks it from the side, and the ball suddenly heads a new way. What does that kick show?

41.In a classroom in Lima, the north pole of one magnet is brought near the south pole of another magnet. What do the poles do?

42.A student in Mansfield holds the north pole of one magnet against the north pole of a second magnet. What happens when the poles face each other?

43.A bar magnet in a Bellefontaine classroom picks up many paper clips when the clips touch it. The same clips stay on the table when the magnet is held much farther away. What does that show?

44.Hikers in Shawnee State Forest set a compass on flat ground, away from metal packs. After the needle settles, which way does it point, and why?

45.On a workbench in Bellaire, beside the Ohio River, a magnet is tested on an iron nail, a copper penny, a wooden bead, and an aluminum tab. Which object does the magnet pick up?

46.In a dark room in Lakewood, a lamp shines through a small hole and makes a bright spot on the far wall. A student holds a book in that path, and a shadow appears. What does this show about light?

47.A mirror at the end of a hallway in Springfield sends lamplight back into the hall. What is the mirror doing to the light?

48.A pencil stands in a glass of water on a table in Marion. Viewed from the side, the pencil looks bent at the waterline. Why?

49.On a sunny July afternoon at Hueston Woods, a black shirt and a white shirt are left in the same sunlight. After a while the black shirt feels much warmer. Why?

50.A cabin window at Salt Fork can be covered with clear glass, frosted glass, or a wooden shutter. Which material lets a clear view through and lets nearly all the light pass?

51.A guitar string in a music room in Dayton is still and silent. When the string is plucked, it moves rapidly back and forth and a tone is heard. What produces the sound?

52.A rubber band stretched over a box in a Kent garage is plucked, then tightened and plucked again. Tightening makes it vibrate faster. How does the sound change?

53.People in Ohio can see the Sun, but nobody hears a sound coming from it. The space between the Sun and Earth has no air. Why is the Sun seen and not heard?

54.A visitor at Ash Cave in the Hocking Hills shouts toward the rock wall and hears the shout return a moment later. What is that returning sound?

55.A drum in a Youngstown band room is tapped gently and then struck much harder. The harder strike makes a bigger vibration. How does the sound change?

56.At sunset on a pier in Vermilion, the Sun is in the western sky over Lake Erie. Which way does the pier post's shadow fall?

57.Students in Canton measured a signpost's shadow: 120 centimeters at 8:30 a.m., 35 centimeters at noon, and 100 centimeters at 4:00 p.m. Which statement matches the measurements?

58.A stick in a Mansfield yard casts a much shorter shadow at noon in June than at noon in December. The June Sun is higher in the sky. Why is the June noon shadow shorter?

59.From Belpre, on the Ohio River, the Sun appears to cross the sky and then set. A student says the Sun travels once around Earth each day. What actually causes day and night?

60.Earth keeps traveling around the Sun while Ohio moves from one January to the next. About how long does one full trip around the Sun take?

61.Watchers on Kelleys Island see the Sun come up over Lake Erie and, hours later, go down toward the western shore. Why does the Sun appear to rise in the east and set in the west?

62.Around the June solstice, Ohio has its longest days and the noon Sun is high. What is Earth's tilt doing then?

63.In late December, days in Ashtabula are short and the noon Sun stays low. How does Earth's tilt explain that Ohio winter pattern?

64.Early in July, Earth is farther from the Sun than it is in January. Cincinnati is still hot in July. What does that fact show?

65.A model in a Cleveland planetarium shows Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune moving around one central object. What do those planets orbit?

66.A class in Newark lines up models of the four planets nearest the Sun. Which list goes from the Sun outward?

67.A poster in a Toledo library compares Mars and Jupiter. Which description fits Jupiter?

68.Over several nights in Port Clinton, the Moon is seen in different parts of the sky, but it never makes its own light. What is the Moon doing?

69.A calendar kept in Sandusky shows a new moon, then a crescent, a quarter, a gibbous moon, and a full moon. About how long is it from one new moon to the next new moon?

70.On a clear night over Cuyahoga Valley, the Moon looks like a bright circle. What is a full moon?

71.During a new moon, people in Youngstown do not see the Moon's bright disk, even though the Moon is in the sky. Why does it look dark?

72.A lunar eclipse is predicted for a night when the Moon would otherwise look full. Viewers in Columbus may see the Moon darken for a while. What lines up during a lunar eclipse?

73.During a solar eclipse, the daytime sky can darken along a narrow path, and the Sun's bright face is covered. What is blocking the Sun?

74.People in Ohio always see the same pattern of dark patches on the Moon. The far side is not permanently dark. Why do we keep seeing one side?

75.The Sun looks much larger than the stars seen at night from a field near Wilmington. It is not the largest star. Why does it look so large and bright?

76.Venus sometimes looks like a bright point after sunset over Maumee Bay. A poster says Venus is not a star. How can it look so bright?

77.On a winter night in Ohio, Orion is easy to find. The stars in that pattern look close together in the sky. Where are those stars in space?

78.Cattails grow in the shallow water at Magee Marsh, along Lake Erie. They capture sunlight and make sugar. What role do the cattails play in that ecosystem?

79.A walleye in Lake Erie eats smaller fish such as yellow perch. It cannot make sugar from sunlight. What is the walleye in the food web?

80.Shelf fungi grow on a fallen log in Mohican State Park. Over time the wood softens and breaks apart. What role are the fungi playing?

81.A Lake Erie food chain is tiny algae, then a mayfly, then a yellow perch, then a walleye. Which organism is the producer?

82.A diagram of that Lake Erie chain uses arrows between the algae, the mayfly, the perch, and the walleye. What should the arrows show?

83.Algae in Lake Erie hold far more food energy than the walleye that are several steps above them. Why is less energy available at the walleye level?

84.The walleye did not sit in the sunlight and make sugar. The algae did. Where did the energy in this Lake Erie food web begin?

85.A white-tailed deer in Shawnee State Forest spends the evening eating leaves and twigs. It does not hunt other animals. What kind of consumer is the deer?

86.A raccoon along the Cuyahoga eats berries and also eats crayfish from the stream. What kind of consumer eats both plants and animals?

87.In one part of Lake Erie, yellow perch become scarce. Walleye there usually eat those perch. What is a likely effect on the walleye?

88.Huge numbers of nonnative zebra mussels in Lake Erie filter tiny plankton from the water for food. How can that affect other animals?

89.A bean plant on a porch in Oxford is making sugar in its leaves. Which set of things is it using for photosynthesis?

90.A student in Chillicothe says a maple tree's food is the soil around its roots. The leaves are green and in full sun. What is the tree's food?

91.An oak in the Hocking Hills gains a large amount of wood as it grows. Only a small part of that new mass comes from minerals in the soil. Where does most of the carbon in the new wood come from?

92.In October, a maple in Cuyahoga Valley turns red as its green color fades. During summer, what was the green chlorophyll in the leaves doing?

93.A healthy potted plant in a Kent apartment is moved into a dark closet and given water. After many days it is pale and weak. Why?

94.A tomato plant in a Dayton garden has roots in the soil, a stem, and broad leaves. Which part mainly takes in water from the soil?

95.A leaf on a sunny windowsill in Cincinnati is photosynthesizing. Which gases are being exchanged?

96.Bees visit apple blossoms in an orchard outside Geneva, near Lake Erie, and powder from one flower sticks to the bees. How can that help the trees make fruit?

97.Water leaves the surface of Lake Erie, later forms clouds, and can fall as rain on land that drains back toward the lake. What happens to that water?

98.A white cloud hangs over Cleveland. A student says the cloud is invisible water vapor. What is the visible cloud made of?

99.In late autumn, cold air crosses the warmer water of Lake Erie and then reaches Ashtabula County. Those downwind towns can get heavy snow. Why?

100.Rain falls on a parking lot in Akron and runs into a storm drain that leads to the Cuyahoga River. Where can that river water go next?

101.The Maumee River passes Toledo, and the Scioto River passes Columbus. Both carry rainwater, but they do not meet. Where does each river send its water?

102.Lake Erie holds a huge amount of fresh water, yet it is only a small share of the water on Earth. Where is most of Earth's water?

103.After a rain near Lima, some water soaks into the ground and later reaches a farm well. What is that underground water?

104.A kettle whistles in a kitchen in Portsmouth. Just above the spout there is a clear gap, and farther up a white cloud rises. Which part is water vapor?

105.Ice covers part of Maumee Bay near Toledo in winter. Lake Erie is fresh water. What is true when that ice melts?

106.Magee Marsh and nearby wetlands sit where land meets Lake Erie. After a heavy rain, water spreads into the marsh and moves on more slowly. What can this wetland do?

107.Fallen leaves sit in a backyard bin in Oxford. Weeks later they have broken into dark, soil-like material. What happened to the leaves?

108.Students in Delaware, Ohio, want to know which cup keeps cocoa hot longer: foam, paper, or metal. How can they keep the comparison fair?