Georgia Milestones Assessment System Science Grade 8

1.In a model of an atom used in a Macon classroom, which particles are packed in the nucleus?

2.A poster in Athens, Georgia, labels the three particles in an atom. What is the charge of an electron?

3.An element square on a classroom periodic table shows atomic number 6. What does that number count in each atom of the element?

4.A neutral atom has 11 protons. How many electrons does that atom have?

5.One atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons. What is its mass number?

6.Two atoms each have 17 protons. One has 18 neutrons, and the other has 20 neutrons. Which statement is correct?

7.Why are atoms of iron and atoms of copper different elements?

8.A student in Augusta, Georgia, compares the particles in an atom. Where is most of the atom's mass?

9.Which statement correctly places the electrons in an atom?

10.Which sample is made of only one kind of atom?

11.A pitcher of water sits on a table in Savannah. Why is water a compound rather than an element?

12.A tank labeled oxygen contains molecules made of two oxygen atoms bonded together. How should that oxygen be classified?

13.Table salt in a kitchen in Brunswick, Georgia, is sodium chloride. Which description fits sodium chloride?

14.Which statement best distinguishes an element from a compound?

15.A balloon at a gym in Macon is filled with helium. The periodic table lists helium as one element. Which statement fits the gas in the balloon?

16.Air in a classroom in Columbus, Georgia, contains nitrogen, oxygen, and small amounts of other gases. Why is air not a compound?

17.On a periodic table in Rome, Georgia, copper is marked as a metal. Which property matches that classification?

18.A periodic table places sulfur with the nonmetals. A dish of sulfur is a yellow solid. Which property fits that classification?

19.Hydrogen sits on the left side of the periodic table, but the table classifies it as a nonmetal. Which conclusion is correct?

20.A student uses the periodic table to compare elements in one vertical column, called a group. What can that column suggest?

21.Neon is in the far-right column of the periodic table, with the noble gases. How does the table classify neon?

22.A student checks the periodic table to decide whether phosphorus is a metal or a nonmetal. Phosphorus is listed on the right with the nonmetals. Which choice matches the table?

23.Ice from a cooler at Tybee Island melts into a puddle of water. Which kind of change is this, based on the result?

24.A steel railing near the Savannah River shows reddish, flaky rust after months outside. What does that result show?

25.A student in Athens, Georgia, tears a sheet of notebook paper into strips. What kind of change is the tearing?

26.After a fire in a fireplace in Helen, a log has become ash, and the room smells of smoke. Which description matches that result?

27.Sugar stirred into sweet tea in Atlanta seems to vanish, and the tea tastes sweet. The sugar is still sugar in the tea. What kind of change is this?

28.An egg white cooked in a pan in Augusta, Georgia, changes from a clear liquid to a white solid and stays solid after it cools. What does that result show?

29.A worker in Rome, Georgia, bends a copper pipe. The pipe is still copper afterward. Which change occurred?

30.A cut apple on a tray in Dalton turns brown on the cut face. The brown material is not the same as the fresh apple surface. What kind of change is this?

31.A sealed container in Milledgeville holds 36 grams of one substance and 4 grams of another. They form a new substance, and nothing enters or leaves. What is the total mass inside afterward?

32.Which statement is the conservation-of-mass principle for a closed system?

33.A stick burns in the open air at Cloudland Canyon. The ash has less mass than the stick had. Which statement agrees with conservation of mass?

34.A sealed bag in a Statesboro classroom has a mass of 90 grams. A change inside forms a gas, and the bag stays sealed. Which scale reading matches conservation of mass?

35.A covered cup in Gainesville, Georgia, holds 50 grams of ice. The ice melts, and no water leaves the cup. What is the mass of the liquid water?

36.A rowboat stays tied to a dock on the Flint River. Which reference point makes the boat's position stay the same?

37.A rider sits still in a seat as a train leaves Peachtree Center station in Atlanta. Which statement is correct?

38.A walker circles a path at Piedmont Park and stops at the same bench where the walk began. Which comparison is correct?

39.What must be true for an object to be in motion relative to a chosen reference point?

40.A kayak drifts past a painted rock on the Chattahoochee River. A person on the bank says the kayak is moving. What makes that statement true?

41.A rider on the Silver Comet Trail travels 18 kilometers in 1.5 hours at a steady pace. What is the rider's average speed?

42.A boat on the Savannah River moves at 6 meters per second toward a buoy 30 meters away. How long does that trip take at this speed?

43.A jogger in Forsyth Park moves at a steady 3 meters per second for 20 seconds. How far does the jogger travel?

44.A van travels 90 kilometers in 2 hours, then 30 kilometers in 1 hour. What is the average speed for the whole trip?

45.Which unit is a unit of speed?

46.A student on a straight path in Carrollton, Georgia, covers the same number of meters during each second. What does that pattern show?

47.Two students run the same 400 meter path in Rome, Georgia. One finishes in 80 seconds, and the other finishes in 100 seconds. Which statement is correct?

48.A car leaves a red light on Peachtree Street, and the speedometer reading rises. Which description fits?

49.A bus in Decatur, Georgia, slows as it nears a crosswalk. It still points forward, but its speed drops. Which statement uses the scientific meaning of acceleration?

50.A bicycle turns a corner in Madison, Georgia, at a steady speed. Which statement is correct?

51.A truck on a straight, level stretch of I-75 holds the same speed and the same direction. What is the truck's acceleration?

52.A basketball dropped from rest in a gym in Statesboro moves faster each moment on the way down. Which statement describes that motion?

53.A textbook lies still on a desk in Gainesville, Georgia. Gravity pulls down, and the desk pushes up with an equal force. Which description fits?

54.At a field day in LaGrange, two teams pull a rope with equal force in opposite directions. The rope does not move. What is true?

55.A player in Columbus, Georgia, kicks a soccer ball that was sitting still, and the ball starts moving. What does that start of motion show?

56.A car near Albany, Georgia, moves in a straight line at constant velocity. Which statement about the forces is correct?

57.A hockey puck slides across a gym floor in Marietta and slows to a stop. Which statement explains the slowing?

58.An unbalanced net force acts on a wagon toward the east. Which way does the wagon accelerate?

59.A cart of mass 4 kilograms has a net force of 8 newtons in the direction of motion. What is the acceleration of the cart?

60.A cooler of mass 3 kilograms on a dock at St. Simons speeds up at 4 meters per second squared. What net force produces that acceleration?

61.A kayak on the Altamaha River has a net force of 12 newtons and accelerates at 3 meters per second squared in that same direction. What is the kayak's mass?

62.A loaded cart in a warehouse in Albany, Georgia, has an unbalanced net force, and its mass stays the same. The net force then doubles. What happens to the acceleration?

63.Two carts in a Kennesaw school hallway receive the same net force. Cart R has a greater mass than cart S. Which cart has the smaller acceleration?

64.A backpack rests on the ground at Amicalola Falls. Which statement best describes Earth's gravity on the backpack?

65.An astronaut has a mass of 60 kilograms on Earth. On the Moon, gravity is weaker. Which statement is correct?

66.A student in Dahlonega holds a ball and then lets go. The ball is not touching the ground, yet it starts to fall. What does that show?

67.On Earth, a 3 kilogram melon and a 1 kilogram peach sit side by side in Fort Valley. Which statement about gravitational force is correct?

68.In a gym in Warner Robins, a hammer and a feather are dropped from the same height through air. The hammer lands first. A student says gravity does not pull on the feather. Which reply is better?

69.A skateboard rolls along a flat sidewalk in Athens, Georgia. Which energy does the moving board have because it is moving?

70.A hiker stands still at an overlook on Brasstown Bald and holds a rock. The same rock would be lower at the base of the mountain. Which energy is greater for the rock at the overlook?

71.The same textbook is lifted from a desk to a high shelf in a library in Augusta, Georgia. What happens to its gravitational potential energy?

72.Two wagons of equal mass roll on the Silver Comet Trail. Wagon A moves faster than wagon B. Which statement is correct?

73.A child reaches the bottom of a playground slide in Roswell, Georgia, and is moving quickly. The bottom is the low point. Which comparison fits that moment?

74.A coaster car at a park near Austell sits at the top of a hill and then rolls down. Friction is small. Which energy change happens on the way down?

75.Solar panels on a school roof in Decatur, Georgia, take in sunlight and supply electric current to the building. Which energy transformation is this?

76.A lamp in a hotel on Jekyll Island is plugged in, and the bulb glows. Which transformation happens in the lamp?

77.Bicycle brakes squeeze the rims on a downhill ride in Dahlonega, and the rims feel hot afterward. Which transformation do the brakes show?

78.Water stored high behind Buford Dam falls through the generators. Which energy transformation is the dam using?

79.A drummer in a Macon band strikes a drum, and a sound is heard. Which transformation is this?

80.A toaster in a kitchen in Columbus, Georgia, is switched on, and the wires inside become hot enough to brown the bread. Which transformation happens in those wires?

81.A metal spoon sits in hot soup in Valdosta. Soon the handle feels warm, even though that handle was not down in the soup. How did the heat reach the handle?

82.On a sunny afternoon, warm air rises over a dark parking lot in Atlanta, and cooler air moves in along the ground. What is that transfer by moving air?

83.A bench at Stone Mountain Park warms in bright sunlight. The bench is not touching the Sun. How does energy travel from the Sun to the bench?

84.A student in Blue Ridge, Georgia, wraps both hands around a warm mug. Heat enters the hands where they touch the mug. What is that contact transfer?

85.In a pot on a stove in Albany, Georgia, hot broth rises and cooler broth sinks. What is that circulation of heat in the liquid?

86.Campers near Unicoi sit back from a campfire and feel warmth on their faces across the open space. They are not touching the flames. Which transfer carries that warmth?

87.An iron skillet on a hot burner in Newnan has a metal handle that heats along its length. How does heat move through the handle?

88.A heater in a classroom in Carrollton, Georgia, warms nearby air. That air rises, and cooler air flows across the floor toward the heater. Which transfer is the moving air?

89.On a drawing of a water wave, a student measures from one crest to the next crest. What property is that distance?

90.What does the frequency of a wave measure?

91.In a pool in Macon, one water wave rises farther from the rest level to its crest than a second wave does. What is greater for the taller wave?

92.Two waves move at the same speed across a pool. In wave A, the crests are farther apart than in wave B. Which statement is correct?

93.At Lake Allatoona, 10 wave crests hit a post in 5 seconds. What is the frequency of the waves?

94.A wave in a classroom tank in Warner Robins travels 6 meters each second, and 3 crests pass a dot each second. What is the wavelength?

95.A student shakes a rope in a gym in Marietta. On the next try, the end of the rope moves farther from the rest position, but the crests stay the same distance apart. Which property increased?

96.A wave keeps the same speed while its frequency increases. What happens to its wavelength?

97.Why does the sound of a drum not travel through the empty space between planets?

98.Sunlight reaches Georgia after crossing the space between the Sun and Earth. What does that show about light?

99.A flute player at a concert in Atlanta plays a higher note than the note just before it. Which property of the sound wave increased?

100.A speaker in a gym in Douglasville plays one note, then that same note becomes much louder. Which property of the sound wave increased?

101.A guitar string in a shop in Athens, Georgia, is plucked, and a tone is heard. What starts the sound wave in the air?

102.Which statement correctly compares light and sound?

103.A student looks into a mirror in a hotel on Tybee Island and sees their own face. What did the light do at the mirror?

104.A shout in Tallulah Gorge returns a moment later as an echo. What happened to the sound?

105.A pencil standing in a glass of water in a cafe in Decatur, Georgia, looks bent at the waterline. What causes that appearance?

106.Late-day sunlight strikes the smooth surface of Lake Lanier and shines into a boater's eyes. Which behavior of light is this?

107.Eyeglasses help a reader in Milledgeville see print clearly by bending light before it enters the eyes. Which behavior is that bending?

108.A heron watches a fish in a shallow creek near the Ocmulgee River. The fish is not exactly where it appears. Why?