Georgia Milestones Assessment System Science Grade 5

1.A storm pulls sand off a barrier-island dune. The next week, the dune is lower than it was before the storm. Which statement describes this change?

2.A river slows at the coast and drops sediment until new land grows at its mouth. Which process is building that new land?

3.Waves drop sand along a Georgia beach until the beach is wider than it was last month. What kind of process widened the beach?

4.Waves knock pieces of rock off a cliff, and the cliff stands farther inland than it did a year ago. Which process moved the cliff back?

5.Lava cools and hardens into new rock, and a volcano grows taller. Building that new rock is which kind of process?

6.Heavy rain cuts a deep gully into a bare slope in a Georgia school yard, and the slope loses soil. Which process is this?

7.Floodwater leaves a new layer of silt on a low field, so the field surface is higher by that layer. Adding the silt is which kind of process?

8.A landslide rushes down a hill and leaves a bare scar where soil used to be. What kind of change is the scar?

9.Currents drop sand at the end of an island until a sandy spit grows longer. Which process lengthened the spit?

10.Which change is a constructive process?

11.Water freezes in a crack in a school-yard rock. The crack widens, and the broken pieces stay where the rock was. What broke the rock?

12.A sweetgum root grows into a crack and splits a rock. The pieces remain beside the tree. Which process split the rock?

13.Rainwater washes sticky red clay off a bare Piedmont slope and into a ditch. What moved the clay?

14.Wind blows sand off a barrier-island dune and carries it down the beach. Which word names that movement of sand?

15.Rainwater sits on a limestone rock in a garden and slowly dissolves small pits into the surface. The rock stays where it is. What is this?

16.A creek lifts pebbles from its bed and rolls them downstream. What is happening to the pebbles?

17.Loose soil creeps downhill as gravity pulls it. Which process is that downhill movement?

18.Which sentence describes weathering rather than erosion?

19.At Columbus, Macon, and Augusta, rivers drop over rapids where the hilly Piedmont meets the flatter Coastal Plain. What is that boundary called?

20.Cumberland Island and Tybee Island are sandy islands along Georgia's Atlantic coast. What kind of landform are they?

21.Wind piles beach sand into a hill on a barrier island. What is that hill of sand called?

22.A river slows where it meets the ocean and drops sediment until new land builds outward. What is that new land called?

23.The Okefenokee has dark water, peat, and cypress trees across a huge wetland in southeastern Georgia. Which phrase names that land?

24.A stream flows through low land with hills on both sides. What is that low land called?

25.The Blue Ridge in north Georgia has high peaks and steep slopes. Which landform are those peaks?

26.After rain, shoes in a Piedmont school yard pick up sticky red soil. Which material is that soil?

27.A puddle on the school blacktop disappears into the air on a warm afternoon, and the ground is dry. Which water-cycle process removed the water?

28.High in the air, water vapor cools and becomes tiny liquid drops that make a cloud. Which process forms those drops?

29.Drops of water fall from a cloud onto the school yard during a thunderstorm. Which water-cycle process is the falling rain?

30.On a cool morning, tiny water drops appear on the school-yard grass. The drops did not fall from a cloud. How did they form?

31.Fog hangs over the Okefenokee. It is a cloud of tiny water drops near the ground, made when vapor cooled. Which process made the fog?

32.Sunlight heats water in a marsh, and some of the liquid becomes water vapor. Which process is that?

33.Snow falls from clouds onto Brasstown Bald in north Georgia. Which water-cycle word names the falling snow?

34.Water evaporates from the ocean. The vapor later cools and becomes tiny drops in a cloud. What is the name of that cooling step?

35.Which weather tool measures the temperature of the air?

36.Which weather tool measures air pressure?

37.Cups on a weather tool spin faster when the wind blows harder. What does this tool measure?

38.A wind vane points into the wind. What does it show?

39.A straight container sits in the open and collects rain. Marks on the side show the depth of the water. What is this tool?

40.A class wants to know how many millimeters of rain fell in the school yard overnight. Which tool gives that measurement?

41.Students want both the wind's speed and the direction it is coming from. Which pair of tools do they need?

42.A granite pebble sits on a desk and keeps its own shape. Which state of matter is the pebble?

43.Sweet tea takes the shape of the glass it is poured into, while its volume stays the same. Which state of matter is the tea?

44.Air inside a bicycle tire spreads through the whole inside of the tire. Which state of matter is that air?

45.Ice cubes in a cooler become liquid water. Which change of state is this?

46.A warm puddle gives off water vapor. Which state of matter is that water vapor?

47.A clay brick sits in a bowl and does not take the bowl's shape. Which state of matter explains this?

48.Milk flows when it is poured, and the milk in a cup has a flat top surface. Which state of matter is the milk?

49.Helium inside a balloon spreads throughout the balloon. It is not a solid or a liquid. Which state of matter is the helium?

50.A sheet of notebook paper is torn into small scraps. The scraps are still paper. Which kind of change is this?

51.A log in a campfire ends as ash, smoke, and gases. Which kind of change has that result?

52.A pat of butter warms and becomes a liquid puddle. When it cools, it is solid butter again. Which kind of change is the melting?

53.A steel chain on a fence turns orange and flaky. Which kind of change has that result?

54.Sugar disappears into sweet tea, but the tea tastes sweet and the sugar is still sugar. Which kind of change is this result?

55.A cut apple sits out until the white fruit turns brown. The browned part is not the same material as the fresh white fruit. Which kind of change is the browning?

56.A steel paper clip is bent into a new shape. It is still the same metal. Which kind of change is this?

57.A slice of bread turns dark brown and smells toasted. It is no longer the same soft pale bread. Which kind of change is this result?

58.A jar of creek water has sand mixed in it. Which method catches the sand and lets the water pass?

59.Iron filings are mixed with dry playground sand. Which method pulls the iron out of the sand?

60.Salt is dissolved in water. Which method leaves the salt behind when the water turns to vapor?

61.A bowl of trail mix contains whole peanuts and whole raisins. Which method separates them by taking each kind out?

62.A bucket holds gravel and fine sand. Which method lets the sand fall through small holes and keeps the gravel?

63.Steel paper clips are mixed into dry rice. Which method removes the clips?

64.Muddy red-clay water is left in a jar until the clay sinks to the bottom. Which method separated the clay from the water above it?

65.A magnet picks up a steel spoon but does not pick up a wooden spoon. Why does it pick up the steel spoon?

66.The north pole of one magnet is brought toward the north pole of another magnet. What do these like poles do?

67.The north pole of one magnet is brought toward the south pole of another magnet. What do these opposite poles do?

68.A magnet pulls a steel paper clip across a desk before the magnet touches the clip. What does this result show?

69.An acorn drops from a live oak and falls to the ground. Which force pulls it downward?

70.A soccer ball slows and stops as it rolls across the school-yard grass. Which force acts against the ball's motion?

71.A resting swing starts to move when a student pushes it. What does this show about a push?

72.Which object will a magnet pick up?

73.A student walks 16 meters across the school yard in 8 seconds. What is the student's speed?

74.A gopher tortoise crawls 2 meters every minute for 9 minutes along a sandy path. How far does the tortoise crawl?

75.A bicycle travels 28 meters at a steady speed of 4 meters per second. How many seconds does that ride take?

76.A kickball rolls 20 meters in 4 seconds. A student jogs 18 meters in 6 seconds. Which statement is true?

77.Mina and Jules each walk 30 meters on the track. Mina takes 15 seconds. Jules takes 30 seconds. Who has the greater speed?

78.A field-trip bus travels 120 kilometers in 3 hours at a steady speed. What is the bus's speed?

79.A marble rolls 80 centimeters in 4 seconds. What is its speed?

80.A squirrel runs 12 meters to a pine tree in 3 seconds. Later it runs the same 12 meters in 6 seconds. Which run is faster?

81.A child has brown eyes, and one parent also has brown eyes. Which statement best describes eye color?

82.A student practices for weeks and then can ride a bicycle. What kind of behavior is riding the bicycle?

83.A gopher tortoise hatches with a hard shell of the same kind as its parents. What is the shell?

84.A dog does not know how to fetch. After many practices, it fetches a ball on command. What is fetching the ball?

85.A white-tailed deer fawn is born with white spots. Nobody teaches the fawn to have them. What are the spots?

86.A student can play a song on the recorder only after practicing the notes. What kind of behavior is playing that song?

87.A young spider spins a web without being taught. What kind of behavior is spinning that web?

88.Which is an inherited trait?

89.Which structure lets a live oak take in water from the soil?

90.A plant's broad leaves face the sunlight. Which function matches those leaves?

91.Blackberry stems have sharp thorns. Which function do the thorns serve?

92.A sunfish lives in a Georgia pond. Which structure lets it take oxygen from the water?

93.A wood duck has webbed feet. How do those feet help the duck?

94.A gopher tortoise has shovel-shaped front legs. Which function matches those legs?

95.A hawk dives and closes sharp talons around a small animal. Which function matches the talons?

96.An alligator's nostrils sit on top of its snout. How does that structure help the alligator?

97.A food chain is grass → grasshopper → frog → heron. Each arrow points from the food toward the animal that eats it. What does the frog eat?

98.In a food chain, an arrow points from the clover to the rabbit. What does that arrow show?

99.A raccoon eats both berries and crayfish. A heron also eats crayfish. Why is this a food web rather than one straight food chain?

100.A food chain is grass → rabbit → bobcat. If the grass is removed, what problem comes first?

101.A food chain is algae → crayfish → raccoon. Which organism is the producer that starts the chain?

102.In a food web, grasshoppers eat grass. Frogs eat grasshoppers. A snake and a hawk both eat frogs. Which animal is eaten by two consumers?

103.A live oak uses sunlight to make its own food. Which role is the oak?

104.A white-tailed deer eats leaves from plants. Which role is the deer?

105.A shelf fungus grows on a dead log and breaks the wood down. Which role is the fungus?

106.Algae in the Okefenokee make food using sunlight. A fish in the same water eats other organisms. Which role belongs to the algae?

107.Bacteria in wet leaf litter break dead leaves into simpler materials. Which role are these bacteria?

108.Which organism is a consumer?