FreeExam

Interpretation

A data analyst interview on what a chart, a comparison, or a segment can support, and what it cannot.

These prompts are original practice. They are not questions from a named employer or a live hiring loop.

  1. 1.Overall conversion stayed at 6%. Mobile went from 4% to 3% and desktop from 8% to 13%, while mobile's share of visits went from 50% to 70%. A review says the funnel did not change. What can the flat 6% hide?

  2. 2.The $20 configuration was half of units and the $80 configuration was the other half, so the average selling price was $50. The $20 unit stocked out and fell to 10% of units. The average rose to $74. List prices did not change. A pricing review credits a list-price increase. What else can raise that average?

  3. 3.A redesign shipped on November 1. Revenue over the next three weeks was 18% above the prior three. Those weeks are the pre-holiday peak, and last year the same weeks were up 16% with no redesign. A stakeholder says the chart shows the redesign caused the lift. What is missing?

  4. 4.Enterprise closed 3 of 4 deals, 75%. SMB closed 200 of 500, 40%. A strategy note says the enterprise motion converts nearly twice as well and should replace the SMB motion. What can 3 of 4 support?

  5. 5.A bar chart's axis starts at 90%. The rate moved from 92% to 94%, and the second bar is drawn twice as tall. A readout says the rate doubled. What doubled?

  6. 6.Cities with more protected bike lanes have higher downtown retail sales per store. A proposal says the chart proves the lanes cause the sales. What can the city comparison support?

  7. 7.Median first response is 12 minutes. The mean is 4 hours, because 5% of tickets wait more than a day. A status mail says customers wait about 4 hours. What does that sentence treat the mean as?

  8. 8.A retention chart keeps only users who are still active, and every cohort sits at 100%. A launch review says retention is perfect. What is the 100%?

  9. 9.The same Monday had a price cut and a homepage launch. Orders rose 22% versus the prior Monday. A slide gives the whole 22% to the homepage. What can the Monday comparison support?

  10. 10.A new desk handled 2 calls, and 1 was a complaint, so its complaint rate is 50%. The main queue had 80 complaints on 2,000 calls, 4%. A quality review ranks the new desk as the problem. What is weak about that rank?

  11. 11.A cumulative revenue line rises every day of the month, including days when that day's revenue was below the month's daily average. A caption says there was growth every day. What is the line actually showing?

  12. 12.Schools that bought a reading app scored 6 points higher this spring. Those same schools scored 7 points higher the spring before they bought it. A case study says the app produced the 6-point lead. What did the lead do?

  13. 13.Average handle time fell from 10.4 minutes to 6.4. Simple tickets stayed at 4 minutes and complex tickets stayed at 20. The complex share fell from 40% to 15%. A coaching recap credits a new script. What did the average actually follow?

  14. 14.Mean salary rose from $92,000 to $101,000 after three executives were hired. The median stayed at $78,000. A memo says typical pay rose by $9,000. What did the $9,000 move?

  15. 15.The site was down from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. Tuesday. Those hours were $0 versus $40,000 in the same hours last Tuesday. The full day fell from $500,000 to $455,000. A note says the outage explains the whole day's gap and also destroyed a measured $40,000. What can the hour match support?

  16. 16.North succeeds on 9 of 10 small jobs and 10 of 100 large jobs, 19 of 110 overall. South succeeds on 600 of 800 small jobs and 5 of 100 large jobs, 605 of 900 overall. A ranking by overall success picks South. What does that ranking hide?

  17. 17.Revenue and NPS are drawn on two y-axes scaled so the lines lie on top of each other. Revenue moved from $10.0 million to $10.2 million. NPS moved from 20 to 40. A reader says they rose by the same amount. What did the scaling do?

  18. 18.One region went from 2 orders to 8, up 300%. Another went from 2,000 to 2,200, up 10%. A growth board ranks the first region first because its percent is larger. What does that rank promote?

  19. 19.Sales in the treatment city rose 10% after a campaign. Sales in the control cities also rose 10%. The campaign slide shows only the treatment line. What can that comparison support?

  20. 20.A delivery survey got 400 answers and an NPS of 42. It was mailed only to people who received the delivery. Another 2,000 customers never received one and were not mailed. A headline says customer sentiment is 42. Whose sentiment is 42?

  21. 21.Average ticket rose 10% and transactions fell 20% in the same week. A note celebrates the ticket and does not mention revenue. What happened to revenue?

  22. 22.Churn went from 2% to 1%. A headline says churn improved 50%, and a speaker adds that half the customers were saved. What is the absolute change?

  23. 23.A segment of 12 accounts grew 25% because one account, already 40% of the segment, placed an extra order. The other 11 accounts were flat. A territory review says the segment broadly grew. What grew?

  24. 24.Email CSAT went from 60% to 58% and chat from 90% to 88%. Email's share of surveys went from 80% to 20%, and chat's from 20% to 80%. Overall CSAT went from 66 to 82. A readout says every channel improved. What happened inside the channels?

  25. 25.The page-load median stayed at 1.2 seconds. The mean rose from 1.8 to 3.4 seconds because 10% of loads now take over 8 seconds. A release note says load time did not change. Which part did not change?

  26. 26.A store was coached in the month after its worst month in two years, and the next month recovered. Five other stores with a worst month and no coach recovered by a similar amount. A deck says the coach caused the recovery. What does the selection do?

  27. 27.Users observed in month 6 spend $40 on average. Users observed in month 1 spend $15. The people still present in month 6 had spent $16 in their own month 1. A lifecycle slide says people spend more as they age. What is the $40 compared with?

  28. 28.This year's bar for the week of November 23 includes Black Friday. Last year's bar for the week of November 23 does not, because the Friday sat in the following labeled week. A chart says demand fell. What is mismatched?

  29. 29.Daily conversion on 15 orders went from 3 of 15, 20%, to 6 of 15, 40%. A standup says conversion doubled overnight. What is the change in orders?

  30. 30.A line connects five regional scores from west to east, and the line slopes up. A reader says performance trends upward as we move east. What did the line add?

  31. 31.Unit volume rose 30% and the average price fell 25% over the same quarter. A sales note leads with the volume gain. What did revenue do?

  32. 32.State test scores rose 4 points. Three large counties rose 9 points. The other counties together fell 1 point. A press line says the program lifted the state. What did it lift?

  33. 33.A treatment group's checkout rate rose from 8% to 12%. The control group rose from 8% to 12% as well. The results chart shows treatment only and calls a 4-point win. What is the contrast with control?

  34. 34.The top 10 customers contributed 70% of the quarter's revenue growth. A narrative says growth was broad-based across the book. What does 70% from ten customers support?

  35. 35.January is indexed to 100 for two products. Product A goes to 140 from a $1,000 base. Product B goes to 110 from a $1,000,000 base. A review calls A the growth engine. What did each add in dollars?

  36. 36.On Friday, 400 tickets older than 30 days were bulk-closed. Average time-to-close fell from 18 days to 9. A process review credits a faster team. What did the Friday close change?

  37. 37.Of users who reach checkout, 80% purchase. Of sessions, 4% purchase. A homepage claim says the site converts at 80%. Which rate did the claim pick up?

  38. 38.A campaign started in week 7. The metric had already been rising for six weeks, and the after period sits above the before average. A readout gives the whole rise to the campaign. What do the earlier weeks do to that claim?

  39. 39.Market share fell from 20% to 15%. Our units rose from 20,000 to 30,000 while the market went from 100,000 to 200,000. A competitor brief says we shrank. What shrank?

  40. 40.A fitted line through weekly ad spend and weekly sales slopes up. One week is a holiday with both spend and sales far to the right. Drop that week and the slope is flat. A model card quotes the steep slope. What is the slope?

  41. 41.Every cohort's retention curve is plotted at 100% in week 0, because week 0 is the base. A caption says we retained everyone at the start. What is the caption restating?

  42. 42.The SLA says 95% of tickets close under 4 hours. The mean time to close is 3 hours, and 10% of tickets take more than a day. A report says the SLA is met because the mean is under 4 hours. What does the SLA actually test?

  43. 43.One book has 500 complaints among 50,000 customers. Another has 100 complaints among 2,000 customers. A manager ranks the smaller book safer because 100 is less than 500. What does the rank ignore?

  44. 44.Satisfaction answers are mostly 1s and 5s. The mean is 3, and almost nobody answered 3. A summary says the typical customer is neutral. Where does 3 sit?

  45. 45.A feature launched to everyone on a Monday that is also payday. Payday Mondays in the prior three months were about 15% above a normal Monday, and this Monday was 16% above. A note gives the 16% to the feature. What is the Monday being compared with?

  46. 46.Wave 2 of a panel looks happier than wave 1. The chart keeps only people who answered both waves, and the people who skipped wave 2 were the low scores in wave 1. A headline says sentiment improved. What did the chart drop?

  47. 47.A best-of list ranks a store with three 5.0 reviews above a store with 2,000 reviews at 4.7. The sort is average stars, with no minimum count. What is the list ranking?

  48. 48.Revenue per employee rose from $200,000 to $250,000. Revenue stayed at $10 million. Headcount went from 50 to 40 because open roles were removed from the denominator. A review says productivity programs raised output per person. What rose?

  49. 49.A screen catches 99 of 100 fraud orders and also flags 5% of good orders. On 100,000 orders with 100 frauds, that is about 99 true flags and 4,995 false ones. A banner says a flagged order is almost certainly fraud because detection is 99%. What is 99%?

  50. 50.On Tuesday the pixel began firing on every page. Reported visits doubled that day, and unique logged-in users did not move. A traffic review says demand doubled. What else matches the day?

  51. 51.After the result was in, twelve segments were sliced, and one segment of 40 users sits 8 points above the rest. A roadmap item is justified by that slice. What kind of result is the slice?

  52. 52.The mean line-item discount is 10%. A basket cap means the discount customers actually received, measured per order, is 6%. A promo recap says shoppers received 10%. Which unit is 10%?

  53. 53.Enterprise logos stayed at 200 while their share went from 20% to 40%, because total customers fell from 1,000 to 500. A mix slide says we added enterprise customers. What changed?

  54. 54.Cumulative conversions for variant A stay above variant B in week 6, even though the daily rates have been equal since week 3. A readout says A is still winning each day. What is the open gap made of?

  55. 55.Rooftop reservations and heat-illness clinic visits both peak in July in the same neighborhood. A deck says the reservations are driving the visits. What can the two peaks support?

  56. 56.In the week before a test, the test group already led the control by 15%, in the same direction as the test week. The test-week chart drops the pre-period. A call says the groups were comparable. What does the dropped week show?

  57. 57.A histogram's axis stops at 10, and the 10+ bin was not plotted. Eight percent of orders are above 10. A caption says nobody ordered more than 10. What is the caption describing?

  58. 58.First-response time fell after the clock was set to stop at transfer. Transfers rose from 10% of chats to 35%. Customer time to resolution rose from 14 minutes to 22. An agent report says customers get help faster. Which clock got faster?

  59. 59.Two cells finish at 52% and 48%, with 100 answers each. A test write-up calls 52% the winner. How large is that gap relative to the samples?

  60. 60.Absolute sales rank a large city first. Per-capita sales rank a small city first, at three times the large city's rate, on a population that would not fill one store's week. A real-estate note says the small city is where to open next because it outperforms. What is outperforming?

  61. 61.For one hour, every event was written twice. Event counts doubled, and distinct users in that hour did not. An on-call note drafts a demand explanation. What should be checked first?

  62. 62.This Monday's orders are half of last Friday's. The same half-of-Friday pattern shows up on each of the last eight Mondays. A post says Monday collapsed. What is the half?

  63. 63.In a stacked area of channel shares, one channel's band gets thinner while its dollars stay flat, because the company total grew. A reader says that channel declined. What got thinner?

  64. 64.Three exit interviews are presented as the reason churn rose from 2.0% to 2.4% on a base of 50,000 customers. The interviews are vivid and they agree with each other. What can they support?

  65. 65.A support macro shortened a form from 12 questions to 8. Completion rose from 70% to 74%. A research note says customers became more willing to finish the old task. What changed besides the completion rate?

  66. 66.Average order value is $80 and the median is $25. Two percent of orders are wholesale accounts above $2,000. A merchandising note says a typical shopper spends about $80. Who is the $80?

  67. 67.Last year, April park revenue was 38% above March. This year April is 40% above March. A new April festival is credited with the April lift. What does the month-to-month gap mostly match?

  68. 68.A scatter of tutor hours and exam scores has a fitted line driven by one student with 80 hours. Without that student the line is flat. A program page says each extra hour raises the score by the fitted amount. What is that amount?

  69. 69.Net revenue was flat. A waterfall leads with a +$400,000 new-logo bar and puts a −$400,000 contraction in a footnote. A headline says new logos grew the book. What did the book do?

  70. 70.Mobile conversion is 2% and desktop is 6%. Mobile is 90% of sessions and mostly first-time visitors. Desktop is 70% returning visitors. A review says mobile needs the desktop flow because it converts at a third of the rate. What is unmatched?

  71. 71.Mean delivery time fell from 5 days to 4. The share of orders taking more than 10 days rose from 3% to 9%. A carrier review says the tail improved because the mean did. What did the tail do?

  72. 72.Cohort curves are plotted on calendar weeks. A cohort that started last week has one point, near the top, and an older cohort is down at its week 8. A reader says the new cohort is more retained. What is the new cohort's point?

  73. 73.The share of orders using a discount rose from 15% to 28% after the code was printed on the receipt. The average discount on a redeemed order stayed at $5. A margin note says shoppers took deeper discounts. What got larger?

  74. 74.Citywide average rent rose 8%. Inside each neighborhood the rise was between 2% and 3%, and a larger share of listings shifted into the already expensive hill district. A brief says every neighborhood jumped 8%. What rose 8%?

  75. 75.Retake scores average 90%, and the course chart drops the first attempt, which averaged 62%. A course page says learners score 90%. Which attempt is the page using?

  76. 76.Ad A ran in January with a 3% click rate. Ad B ran in March with a 5% click rate. They were not on the site in the same period. A creative review says B is the better ad. What is entangled with the creative?

  77. 77.The billing queue went from 15 tickets to 30, up 100%. The outage queue went from 2,000 to 2,100, up 5%. A standup spends its time on billing because the percentage is larger. Which queue added more tickets?

  78. 78.A funnel draws 40,000 accounts, then a shorter bar of 25,000 sessions after an inner join that dropped sessions with no account, then 8,000 purchases. A reader calls the step from 40,000 to 25,000 the biggest customer leak. What is that step?

  79. 79.The refund rate fell from 8% to 6% after the request window was cut from 30 days to 7. A quality note says the product got better. What else shortens the rate?

  80. 80.Five remodeled stores, chosen because they had budget and the slowest prior year, averaged a 10% sales lift. Unremodeled stores with a similarly slow prior year were up 9%. A case study gives the 10% to the remodel. What is left for the remodel in this comparison?

  81. 81.NPS is +30 among the 100 people who answered, from a mail of 5,000. A board line says the base is +30. Who is the +30 about?

  82. 82.A heat map of hour and weekday is dark on Saturday night, and a manager says demand died. Saturday night is dark because the store is closed, and open-hour POS orders are unchanged. What is the dark cell?

  83. 83.Gross margin rose from 40% to 48% after free shipping moved from cost of goods into operating expense. Unit costs were flat. A buyer review says purchasing got better. What moved the margin chart?

  84. 84.A small supplier's on-time rate went from 50% to 100% on 4 shipments. The main supplier stayed at 96% on 500 shipments. A scorecard ranks the small supplier first and calls it more reliable. What is the 100%?

  85. 85.Eleven weeks of sales include ten weeks at $180,000 and one bulk week at $900,000. The mean is about $245,000. The median week is $180,000. A run-rate uses the mean. What does that run-rate assume?

  86. 86.A chart title says revenue held after the price test. The test was sitewide, with no holdout, and a national promotion ran the same week. What can the flat revenue support?

  87. 87.Activation rose from 20% to 35% after the definition added a page view. The old event, created a project, stayed at 20%. A launch note says more users now activate. What rose?

  88. 88.Two call centers both resolve 80% of their contacts. Center A handles password resets. Center B handles outages. A staffing note says the centers are equally effective, so B's longer calls are waste. What is unmatched?

  89. 89.A seven-day moving average turns a one-day outage, with sales at $0, into a gentle dip spread across the week. An incident review says the outage barely showed up in sales. Where is the outage visible?

  90. 90.Quote-to-close rose from 25% to 40% after marketing stopped passing leads who had only opened an email. A sales note says the team got better at closing. What else changed in the rate?

  91. 91.Premium-aisle baskets stayed at 2.6 items and other aisles stayed at 1.8. Premium's share of traffic rose from 10% to 60%, and the overall basket rose from 1.88 items to 2.28. A widget recap says the widget made shoppers add items. What added the items to the overall average?

  92. 92.Release 2.3 has a 0.4% error rate on 200,000 requests. Release 2.4 has 0 errors on 400 requests in its first hour. A go/no-go prefers 2.4 because zero looks perfect. What can that zero support?

  93. 93.A dashboard paints a red down-arrow when a metric ticks from 101 to 99. The team already set 95 to 105 as the no-change band. A review opens by calling 99 a regression. What is 99 relative to the band?

  94. 94.Customers acquired in a holiday week repeat at 45%. Quiet-week customers repeat at 30%. Holiday customers also received a $20 coupon that quiet-week customers did not. A note gives the 15-point gap to the ad creative. What else sits in the gap?

  95. 95.Support cost per customer fell from $4 to $3 after 20,000 inactive accounts were added to the denominator. Ticket counts and support spend did not change. A finance note says support got cheaper to run. What got cheaper?

  96. 96.A button-color test ran for one afternoon, about 200 sessions a cell. Green had 12 purchases and blue had 9. A ship decision calls green a 33% winner. What is the 33% made of?

  97. 97.A cohort's month-6 revenue is 80% of that cohort's own month-1 revenue. The cohort is small, so the dollars are a thin slice of the company. A planning sheet uses the 80% as if it were 80% of current-month company revenue. What base did the sheet swap?

  98. 98.Warehouse temperature and the defect rate rose on the same five afternoons. Those afternoons were also the five days a temporary crew ran the line alone. A process note says heat caused the defects. What can the five days separate?

  99. 99.Median delivery is 2 days in both cities. City A's 90th percentile is 3 days. City B's is 9 days. A parity statement says the cities match. Where do they match?

  100. 100.A score ranks accounts, and the top decile's later sales are higher. One feature in the score is last quarter's sales. A write-up says the score finds future buyers the past would not have shown. What is already in the score?

  101. 101.Percent of goal goes from 40% to 80% after the goal is cut in half. Actual dollars are flat. A standup says the team doubled its pace. What doubled?

  102. 102.Four-word search queries convert at 9%. One-word queries convert at 3%. A taxonomy project says forcing queries to be longer will triple conversion. What is being compared?

  103. 103.The year's cancel rate is about 5%. The last month is 9%, and the first eleven months sit near 4.6%, which holds the average down. A renewal review says the year shows no problem. What does the 5% cover?

  104. 104.Landing page A shows $1.20 of revenue per session and was shown only to signed-in customers. Landing page B shows $0.90 and was shown to everyone. A winner email names A. What is unequal besides the page?

  105. 105.Bug reports per 1,000 sessions fell after the team closed the in-app form and kept only emailed reports. A quality mail says the release is cleaner. What else would lower that rate?

  106. 106.The displayed average star rating rose from 4.1 to 4.4 after 1-star reviews older than a year were hidden. New reviews this month still average 4.1. A storefront test says recent sentiment improved. What improved?

  107. 107.This quarter has 200 deals against 160 last quarter, and a manager says the team improved 25%. Twenty of this quarter's deals were pulled forward by a discount that did not exist last quarter. Next quarter's pipeline is thinner by about that many. What is inside the 40-deal gap?

  108. 108.A chart of support satisfaction includes only agents with at least 50 surveys. Agents below that cutoff are the new hires, and their partial surveys average 3.2 against 4.5 for the plotted agents. A training lead says new hires match the floor. Where are the new hires in the chart?