General Educational Development Science
Life, physical, and Earth science, including short data descriptions.
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1.What is the main job of the cell membrane?
2.Where is most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA found?
3.Why are mitochondria important to a cell?
4.Which structure in a plant cell carries out photosynthesis?
5.What do ribosomes build?
6.Which statement compares bacteria with animal cells?
7.What is the usual result of mitosis in a body cell?
8.What is the main purpose of meiosis in humans?
9.In a DNA molecule, which base pairs with adenine?
10.What is a gene?
11.In a Punnett square for two parents that are both Aa, where A is dominant, what fraction of the offspring boxes show the recessive genotype aa?
12.A pea plant with the genotype Aa shows the dominant trait. What does A represent?
13.Which word equation best summarizes photosynthesis?
14.What do most animal cells require for cellular respiration?
15.In a food chain, what happens to energy as it moves from producers to several consumers?
16.Which organism is a producer?
17.What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
18.A population grows quickly and then levels off near the most individuals the habitat can support. What is that upper level called?
19.Which statement best describes natural selection?
20.A cactus stores water and has spines instead of broad leaves. In biology, these features are examples of what?
21.Which pair lists only abiotic factors in a forest?
22.What does homeostasis mean for a human body?
23.What is the main job of red blood cells?
24.Which comparison of blood vessels is accurate?
25.What do digestive enzymes do?
26.How does a typical vaccine prepare the immune system?
27.Osmosis is the movement of which substance across a membrane?
28.A drop of food coloring spreads through still water without stirring. Which process is this?
29.In the common classification system, which group is the broadest of these choices?
30.What does xylem transport in a vascular plant?
31.What is the role of stomata in a leaf?
32.Which path is part of the carbon cycle?
33.What is a mutation?
34.Which example is a phenotype rather than a genotype?
35.A seedling in a sealed chamber gained oxygen while a lamp was on and lost oxygen in the dark, with carbon dioxide and water available. Which process best explains the oxygen gain in the light?
36.A person's pulse is 70 beats per minute at rest and 120 beats per minute just after climbing stairs. What does the change show?
37.Which particle in an atom has a positive charge?
38.What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
39.How are two isotopes of carbon alike and different?
40.Which description fits a covalent bond?
41.Where are the metals located on the common periodic table?
42.A solution has a pH of 3. How is it classified?
43.A solution has a pH of 11. How is it classified?
44.Which change is a chemical change?
45.In a closed container, wood burns and the gases and ash are trapped. What does conservation of mass predict about the total mass?
46.A metal sample has a mass of 24 grams and a volume of 8 cubic centimeters. What is its density?
47.Which list names the three common states of matter?
48.What happens to the particles of a liquid as it evaporates into a gas?
49.A book sits at rest on a table. Which law best explains why it stays at rest?
50.A cart has a mass of 2 kilograms and accelerates at 5 meters per second squared. What net force, from F = ma, acts on the cart?
51.A swimmer pushes backward on the pool wall and moves forward. Which law is this pair of forces an example of?
52.What does Earth's gravity do to a dropped set of keys?
53.A child holds a ball at shoulder height without moving it. Which energy is stored because of that height?
54.A metal spoon in hot soup becomes warm at the handle. Which heat transfer is happening along the spoon?
55.Warm air rises near a heater, then cools and sinks. Which heat transfer is this motion of the air?
56.Sunlight warms a park bench from across empty space. Which heat transfer carries that energy?
57.A sound wave has a high frequency. What does that mean about the wave?
58.Why can a friend hear a drum in a room full of air but not hear the same drum in outer space?
59.A flashlight beam hits a flat mirror and bounces toward the ceiling. What is this behavior called?
60.A circuit has a current of 2 amperes through a 6-ohm resistor. Using V = IR, what is the voltage across the resistor?
61.In a series circuit with one path, what happens if one bulb burns out and opens the path?
62.What happens when the north pole of one magnet is brought near the north pole of another?
63.Which observation is the best evidence that a chemical reaction occurred?
64.In salt water, what is the solvent?
65.The unbalanced skeleton H2 + O2 → H2O does not conserve atoms. Which balanced equation fixes it?
66.A runner travels 100 meters north in 20 seconds at a steady pace. What is the speed?
67.Why does a box eventually stop sliding across a rough floor after it is pushed?
68.What does a catalyst do in a chemical reaction?
69.A reaction releases heat to the surroundings. How is that reaction classified?
70.An acid is mixed with a base and the pH moves toward 7, forming water and a dissolved salt. What kind of reaction is this?
71.A rolling cart has motion energy. What is that energy called?
72.Which material is a good electrical conductor?
73.Which statement best describes the water cycle?
74.What is condensation in the water cycle?
75.Rain, snow, and hail are examples of which water-cycle step?
76.How does an igneous rock form?
77.Which feature is typical of many sedimentary rocks?
78.Marble can form when limestone is changed by heat and pressure but does not melt. What kind of rock is marble?
79.What does the theory of plate tectonics say about Earth's outer shell?
80.What often happens at a divergent plate boundary on the ocean floor?
81.How is an earthquake's epicenter related to its focus?
82.Which pair correctly matches weathering and erosion?
83.Why is soil important to a land ecosystem?
84.In which layer of the atmosphere does most weather occur?
85.How do greenhouse gases warm Earth's surface?
86.Why does the same place have summer and winter?
87.What causes the Moon's phases as seen from Earth?
88.What is the arrangement of the Sun, Moon, and Earth during a solar eclipse?
89.Which sequence lists the planets in order from the Sun?
90.What is the difference between a star and a planet?
91.Why does Earth orbit the Sun instead of flying off in a straight line?
92.What can a fossil in a rock layer tell a scientist?
93.In undisturbed sedimentary layers, which layer is usually oldest?
94.What does a line of latitude measure?
95.What does a line of longitude measure?
96.What does a compass rose on a map show?
97.How is climate different from weather?
98.What is a watershed?
99.Which resource is renewable on a human timescale?
100.A data table shows air temperature of 10°C at 6 a.m., 16°C at noon, and 12°C at 8 p.m. in one town. What does the table describe?
101.What is the Sun?
102.How do the four inner planets differ from the four outer planets?
103.Slow movement in the hot, soft rock of the mantle can drag tectonic plates. What is that heat-driven motion called?
104.Coal and petroleum store carbon that once moved through living things. What does burning them quickly return to the air?
105.A rainfall table shows 0 inches on Monday, 0.2 inches on Tuesday, and 1.5 inches on Wednesday. Which day had the most rain?
106.During a lunar eclipse, what lies between the Sun and the Moon?
107.Which material is the better heat insulator for a cup of soup?
108.In a food chain arrow drawn from grass to a grasshopper to a bird, what does the arrow show?