ACT Reading

Short passages on literature, humanities, social science, and natural science, one question each.

ACT is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc. FreeExam is not affiliated with ACT, Inc., and these questions are original practice, not an official test.

Window Seat

Mira kept the window seat on the night train even after the car emptied. She set her coat on the aisle chair so no one would sit beside her, then moved it when a child stood in the aisle holding a paper ticket. The child slept against her sleeve before the next station. By morning Mira had folded the coat into a pillow and left it there.

  1. 1.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Window Seat"?

Blue Underpaint

The portrait painter brushed a thin blue under each face before any skin color went on. Visitors who saw the unfinished canvas said the sitters looked cold. She told them the blue would vanish under later coats and would keep the shadows from turning muddy. One cheek was left unfinished so the class could still see that layer.

  1. 2.According to the passage "Blue Underpaint," why does the painter put blue under the faces?

Market Tokens

The neighborhood market replaced cash change with wooden tokens stamped for the next Saturday. Shoppers who spent the tokens the same day received no extra goods. Those who waited until Saturday could trade two tokens for a small jar of honey. After a month, the Saturday line for honey was longer than the weekday line for vegetables.

  1. 3.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Market Tokens"?

Bridge Phoebes

Phoebes built mud nests under the bridge even though the farmer had nailed ledges in the drier shed. Each time a truck crossed, the birds lifted and then settled on the same nests. The farmer stopped adding shed ledges once he saw those nests shake and hold. He told a neighbor the bridge had already given the birds a site they accepted.

  1. 4.In the passage "Bridge Phoebes," the detail that the nests shook and held serves mainly to do what?

Spare Reply

When the director asked whether the scene should be louder, the actor answered with a spare reply and told him to leave it. She did not add a reason, and she did not look up from the marked script. The director nodded and told the crew to keep the quiet version. Later he said that short answer had settled the argument faster than a speech would have.

  1. 5.As it is used in the passage "Spare Reply," the word "spare" most nearly means

Hour Bell

The tower clock had been silent for years because the gears were packed with old oil. A clockmaker cleaned each wheel and set the bell to strike the hours only. Neighbors who had treated the silent tower as a vague meeting place began arriving when the bell rang. The repair gave the square a shared signal again.

  1. 6.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Hour Bell"?

Mill Wednesdays

The branch library stayed open late on Wednesdays so people leaving the mill could stop in. Morning hours remained the same as on other weekdays. The late session lent more repair manuals than novels. Staff listed those manuals separately because the mill asked for a monthly count of titles borrowed after six.

  1. 7.According to the passage "Mill Wednesdays," what was true of the late Wednesday session?

South Slope Pines

Pines on the south slope kept their lower branches green through the dry month. Trees on the north slope dropped those same branches and kept only the crowns. A ranger noted that the south slope still held patches of snow in the shade of the rocks. She wrote that the snow, not a different kind of pine, explained the green lower growth.

  1. 8.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "South Slope Pines"?

Lamp in the Window

Text 1: In the tale, the lighthouse keeper leaves a lamp in the window every night, even when no ship is due. The village children treat the lamp as a promise that someone is awake.

Text 2: A later chapter shows the same lamp after the keeper has moved inland. A neighbor lights it, and the children still walk the path to see it burning.

  1. 9.In the paired passage "Lamp in the Window," the lamp in Text 2 serves mainly to do what?

Courted Silence

The composer courted silence in the middle of the new quartet. She wrote eight bars with no notes and told the players to count them in rehearsal only. In the concert those bars stayed quiet, and the listeners leaned forward. A reviewer said the empty bars made the next melody feel earned.

  1. 10.As it is used in the passage "Courted Silence," the word "courted" most nearly means

Porch Hours

Four households on the block took turns watching the younger children on weekday afternoons. Each porch had a posted day, and parents left a snack with the host. Nobody was paid, and the rotation let the adults finish shift work. The care moved from house to house instead of staying with one family.

  1. 11.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Porch Hours"?

Leaf and Sand Cases

Caddisfly larvae in the shaded creek built cases from bits of leaf. Larvae in the sunny stretch below the footbridge used sand grains instead. A student counted more leaf cases above the bridge and more sand cases below it. She wrote down the materials and did not time the current.

  1. 12.According to the passage "Leaf and Sand Cases," how did the cases differ?

Unsent Letter

Jonah wrote a letter to his sister and left it in the drawer under the spoons. Each evening he read the first line and slid the page back into the drawer. On the day she visited, the letter was still there. He talked about the garden and never mentioned the envelope.

  1. 13.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Unsent Letter"?

Grave Whistle

The museum label calls the clay whistles toys, yet the case also holds one found in a grave. The curator added a line noting that the grave whistle had no chip on the mouthpiece. The whistles with chipped mouthpieces were the ones children had clearly used. Set apart in the case, the unbroken whistle points to a purpose besides play.

  1. 14.In the passage "Grave Whistle," why does the curator note that the grave whistle had no chip?

Second Gate

The festival committee checked the rush toward the riverside booths by opening a second gate at noon. Before that, one gate funneled everyone onto a single path. After the second gate opened, the crowd spread out, and the booths nearest the river stopped running out of cups. A volunteer said the new gate had slowed the crush without turning anyone away.

  1. 15.As it is used in the passage "Second Gate," the word "checked" most nearly means

Dune Rows

Beach grass planted in straight rows trapped sand and built a low dune within one season. Where the rows had gaps, wind cut channels and carried sand inland toward the road. The crew filled those gaps the next spring, and sand stopped reaching the road. Keeping the rows continuous was what held the dune together.

  1. 16.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Dune Rows"?

Blue Apron

On performance nights Lila wore a blue apron over her costume until the curtain speech ended. She then hung the apron on a nail just offstage. The prop table held the letter she carried in the second scene, and she touched that letter once before entering. The apron never appeared under the lights.

  1. 17.According to the passage "Blue Apron," what happens to the apron before Lila enters?

Bright Windows

Text 1: The chapel glass was cleaned with soft brushes, and the colors looked bright again from the pews. Guides began describing the windows as newly painted.

Text 2: A restorer's note says no new paint was added. The brightness returned because soot had been lifted off the old glass.

  1. 18.Which conclusion is best supported by the paired passage "Bright Windows"?

Footnote Votes

The city mailed a survey about the corner lot and printed the answers in a short report. Most respondents wanted trees, and a smaller group wanted the lot paved for the Saturday market. The report listed the tree votes in the opening paragraph and the market votes in a footnote. Readers who stopped after that opening never learned how many people had asked for the market.

  1. 19.In the passage "Footnote Votes," the footnote is mentioned primarily in order to do what?

Minute Tracks

The biologist called the marks in the mud minute tracks. Each print was no wider than a grain of rice, and a whole trail fit inside one boot mark. She sketched the path before the tide could smooth the bank. Without the sketch, those marks would have looked like ordinary roughness in the mud.

  1. 20.As it is used in the passage "Minute Tracks," the word "minute" most nearly means

Two Keys

The landlord told Rosa that the smaller key stuck in wet weather and handed her both keys. Rosa tried the larger key, which turned at once, and hung the smaller one on a hook by the door. On the first rainy morning the large key worked again. She left the small key on the hook and never tested the warning.

  1. 21.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Two Keys"?

Sunday Sound

The violin student practiced with a mute on weekday afternoons because the walls were thin. On Sundays the mute came off, and she played the same passage at full sound for a short while. Her teacher asked her to record only that Sunday run. The weekday practice stayed quiet and was never recorded.

  1. 22.According to the passage "Sunday Sound," what did the teacher want recorded?

Shared Transfers

Riders on the hill route dropped coins in a box and tore their own transfers from a pad. When the city added a machine that printed transfers, the pad was taken away. Complaints came from riders who had been sharing one torn transfer among family members. The machine printed a transfer only for the person who had paid.

  1. 23.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Shared Transfers"?

Smudge Pots

The grower set smudge pots between the peach rows on the night the forecast dropped. By dawn the pots were cold, the lower blossoms were black, and blossoms higher in the trees were still pale. She wrote that the heat had not climbed. The black lower blossoms showed the limit of the pots more clearly than the forecast had.

  1. 24.In the passage "Smudge Pots," the black lower blossoms are described mainly in order to do what?

Charged Kitchen

After the argument, the kitchen felt charged. Nobody raised a voice, yet the sister wiped the same plate twice, and the brother stood by the door with his coat on. Their mother set the kettle down carefully, as if a loud noise would start the quarrel again. The quiet itself carried the leftover anger.

  1. 25.As it is used in the passage "Charged Kitchen," the word "charged" most nearly means

Path Borders

A coastal weaver worked local footpaths into the borders of her rugs. A buyer from inland asked for brighter dyes and empty borders. She made one rug that way, then returned to the path borders and sold them to neighbors who knew the bends in the trail. Keeping those paths in the weave mattered more to her than the inland order.

  1. 26.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Path Borders"?

Berry Board

Text 1: The farm stand posts berry prices on a chalkboard each morning and erases them at closing. Shoppers at noon see the same prices as shoppers at nine.

Text 2: On festival days the board is rewritten at one o'clock, and afternoon shoppers pay more for berries. The morning prices remain on a paper copy taped beside the board.

  1. 27.According to the paired passage "Berry Board," what is true on festival days?

Empty Owl Box

Three owl boxes faced the meadow, and one faced the barn light. The meadow boxes held nests by April. The box by the light stayed empty, though it was the same size and the same height. The caretaker concluded that the light, not the build of the box, kept that owl away.

  1. 28.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Empty Owl Box"?

Rain on the Roof

The pianist practiced the hard page until the notes were secure, then set the music aside. At the recital she played that page from memory while rain struck the hall roof. She glanced up only once, during the rest before the last line, and then returned to the keys. The glance shows she heard the rain and did not let it take the page from her.

  1. 29.In the passage "Rain on the Roof," the pianist's single glance serves mainly to do what?

Novel Stitch

The embroiderer called the edge a novel stitch because no sample book in the shop showed it. She had crossed two older stitches and pulled the thread tighter than either pattern allowed. Customers asked for that edge on collars. She copied the steps onto a card only after three people asked for the same unfamiliar border.

  1. 30.As it is used in the passage "Novel Stitch," the word "novel" most nearly means

Circle Then Rows

The night class set chairs in a circle for the first hour and in rows for the lesson after that. Adults who arrived late missed the circle and sat in the back row. The teacher said the circle was where people learned one another's names. The seating split the evening into a meeting and then instruction.

  1. 31.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Circle Then Rows"?

Outside Bend

Ice on the river broke first along the outside of the bend, where the current ran fastest. The inside of the bend stayed sheeted until noon. A walker saw three dark lanes of open water on the outside before the inside cracked. She stayed off both edges and watched from the bank.

  1. 32.According to the passage "Outside Bend," where did open water appear first?

Fresh Paint

Ell kept people from touching the newly painted door for a week. He set a chair in front of it each afternoon and read the paper there. When his grandson arrived with a ball, Ell moved the chair and opened the door himself. The ball never met the new paint.

  1. 33.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Fresh Paint"?

Slow Benches

The gallery placed benches only in the room with the largest paintings. Visitors sat, looked for a long time, and then moved quickly through the smaller rooms. The curator said the benches asked people to slow down where the pictures needed time. Rooms without benches emptied first.

  1. 34.In the passage "Slow Benches," the curator's remark serves mainly to do what?

One Late Fee

The housing board made the late fee uniform, one amount for a studio and the same amount for a three-room home. Before the change, larger homes had paid more. Tenants still argued about fairness, but the clerk applied one figure to every overdue slip. The new rule cut the old link between the fee and the size of the home.

  1. 35.As it is used in the passage "One Late Fee," the word "uniform" most nearly means

Tortoise Hours

Text 1: Desert tortoises at the study site spent the hot hours under shrubs. Researchers saw them in the open only near sunrise and sunset.

Text 2: After a cool, cloudy week, those tortoises walked at midday. When full sun returned, they went back under the shrubs.

  1. 36.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the paired passage "Tortoise Hours"?

Kiln Watch

Elena wound her grandfather's pocket watch every Sunday and carried it only to the workshop. On the bench it stayed in her shirt pocket so the chain would not catch. When the kiln timer failed, she checked the watch and found it four minutes ahead of the wall clock. She trusted the watch for the rest of that firing.

  1. 37.According to the passage "Kiln Watch," how did Elena use the watch at the kiln?

Sun Mask

The dance troupe kept animal masks in labeled boxes and hung the sun mask alone on a high peg. Dancers could borrow the animal masks for school visits. The sun mask left the peg only for the spring performance, and only the lead dancer signed for it. A scratch on that mask would have been noticed at once.

  1. 38.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Sun Mask"?

Market Tent Count

Census takers set a tent at the Saturday market and counted people who would not open a door on weekdays. They did not ask anyone about income. The report later separated market-tent forms from doorstep forms. That split let readers see how many residents were reached only because the count went to the market.

  1. 39.In the passage "Market Tent Count," why does the report separate the two kinds of forms?

Yielding Edge

Lake ice began yielding near the inlet, where warmer water came in. A walker felt the surface give under one boot and stepped back onto the thicker middle. By evening that soft edge had opened into a dark gap. The rest of the lake still held a person's weight.

  1. 40.As it is used in the passage "Yielding Edge," the word "yielding" most nearly means

Thursday Plate

Every Thursday Nadine set an extra plate, though her brother had moved two towns away. She cleared it untouched at the end of the meal. One Thursday he knocked while the soup was still hot, and she did not look surprised. The plate had kept his place ready.

  1. 41.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Thursday Plate"?

Curved Step

The mason numbered the new steps with chalk before setting them in place. The third step had a deeper curve than the others and had to sit at the landing. Rain washed the chalk away, but the curved step stayed at the turn. Visitors who counted up from the sidewalk reached the landing on that curved step.

  1. 42.According to the passage "Curved Step," where was the deeper-curved step placed?

Thirty-Day Coats

The community center tagged lost coats with the date they were found and moved any coat older than thirty days into a donation bin. Children checked the rack after practice. A red coat tagged in the previous season was gone, and a newer blue coat hung in its place. The age rule, not a special request, accounts for that change on the rack.

  1. 43.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Thirty-Day Coats"?

Wiped Trail

Ants crossed the picnic stones in a straight line until a child wiped those stones with a wet cloth. The line broke, and for several minutes the ants wandered. Then a new line formed along the unwiped edge of the pad. The wandering shows that the cloth had erased the path they had been following.

  1. 44.In the passage "Wiped Trail," the ants' wandering is described mainly in order to do what?

Grave News

Text 1: The narrator calls the old captain's voice grave when he tells the crew the pier is closed. The crew stops joking and coils the ropes without being asked.

Text 2: In the next scene the same captain laughs about a lost hat. The narrator saves the word grave for the pier news and does not use it for the joke.

  1. 45.As it is used in Text 1 of the paired passage "Grave News," the word "grave" most nearly means

Hidden Strings

The puppeteer switched to black strings for evening shows because they vanished against the dark curtain. Pale strings, easy to see in a bright school gym, were packed away on those nights. She told a student the choice was about hiding the lines, not about marking heroes and villains. After that talk, both characters used the black set under the night lights.

  1. 46.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Hidden Strings"?

Shady Barrels

The block group gave each household one rain barrel and a page of care tips. Barrels on the shady side of the street stayed full longer after a storm. Households on the sunny side used their water first and then borrowed from neighbors. The group replaced cracked lids and did not move any barrels.

  1. 47.According to the passage "Shady Barrels," what did sunny-side households do?

Moving Fawns

Fawns bedded on the east hillside in the morning and on the west hillside after the sun crossed the ridge. The grass looked much the same on both slopes. A watcher never saw them stay on the slope that had just fallen into full sun. She wrote that they were following shade.

  1. 48.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Moving Fawns"?

Table-Leg Book

A retired sailor keeps a navigation book on the kitchen table and never opens it. Guests assume he still studies sea routes at breakfast. The narrator reveals that the book only props up the short table leg. That reveal trades a romantic guess for an ordinary household fix.

  1. 49.In the passage "Table-Leg Book," the narrator reveals the book's real use mainly in order to do what?

Sound Chair

The furniture maker tested each joint and called only one chair sound. That chair did not wobble when she pressed the seat, and the wooden pins sat flush. The other chairs clicked or shifted under the same press. She set the steady chair aside for the client and put the clicking ones back in the clamps.

  1. 50.As it is used in the passage "Sound Chair," the word "sound" most nearly means

Seed Morning

Gardeners at the community swap brought extra seed packets and left with kinds they did not already grow. No money changed hands. A volunteer wrote down the plant names and not the people's names. The morning existed to spread varieties around the neighborhood.

  1. 51.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Seed Morning"?

Wet Wall

Cave crickets gathered on the wet wall at the back of the shallow cave. The dry front, lit by the entrance, had none. A guide said the wet wall stayed cool even at midday. She asked the group not to scrape the rock for a souvenir.

  1. 52.According to the passage "Wet Wall," where were the crickets found?

Turned Cuff

Theo wore his uncle's heavy coat to the interview and hung it so the worn cuff was turned inward. He was offered the job and brought the coat back that evening, brushed and buttoned. His uncle noticed that the cuff had been hidden. Theo said nothing about the interview, yet the turned cuff showed he had tried to look prepared.

  1. 53.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Turned Cuff"?

Turned Face

Text 1: A program note says the dancer faces the back wall to show shame. Viewers are told to read the turned face as an apology.

Text 2: The dancer later wrote that she faced the wall because the footlights hurt her eyes. She was surprised that viewers called the turn an apology.

  1. 54.In the paired passage "Turned Face," how does Text 2 relate to Text 1?

Red Clips

The clerk flagged overdue charts with a red clip. The clip did not mean a patient was in danger. It meant a line on the form was still blank, and the file would wait until that line was filled. Staff who saw red looked for the blank, not for an emergency.

  1. 55.As it is used in the passage "Red Clips," the word "flagged" most nearly means

Pink Snow

Pink streaks appeared on the old snowfield in late spring, following shallow dips where meltwater lingered. Drier ridges of the same snowfield stayed white. A naturalist said the color came from algae living in the wetter snow, not from dust blown off the road. When those dips froze again at night, the pink dulled and then brightened the next day.

  1. 56.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Pink Snow"?

Long Whistle

Captain Ibarra used two short whistles when the ferry was ready and one long whistle when it was delayed. Riders on the upper deck learned that code before any printed card explained it. On the foggy morning she used the long whistle, and the crowd stepped back from the gate. The card was brought up to date that afternoon.

  1. 57.According to the passage "Long Whistle," what did the long whistle tell the crowd?

Missing Face

The wall painting stopped mid-figure, with the outline of a hand and no face. Town records say the painter left during a flood year and did not come back. Later painters filled cracks in the finished portion and left the outline alone. Their choice treats the unfinished figure as part of the wall's history.

  1. 58.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Missing Face"?

First Question

The sample ballot listed the school question before the road question. In the election the school question passed by a wide margin, and the road question failed by a few votes. A researcher noted that some voters stopped marking after the first item. She pointed to that pattern when she explained why a lower place on the ballot can matter.

  1. 59.In the passage "First Question," why mention voters who stopped after the first item?

Storm Battery

The valley notebook described a battery of storms that crossed in a single week. The first soaked the fields, the second raised the creek, and the third arrived before the creek had dropped. Farmers spoke of the rains as one run of storms, not as a single cloud. By Sunday the gap between rains was less than a day.

  1. 60.As it is used in the passage "Storm Battery," the word "battery" most nearly means

Empty Chair

In the green room the oldest actor always took the chair nearest the call door. Newcomers who sat there were asked, politely, to move. On that actor's last night the chair was left empty, and a newcomer stood rather than sit in it. The empty chair honored a habit the company was not ready to reuse.

  1. 61.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Empty Chair"?

Thick Rim

The foundry cast the new bell thicker at the lip than at the shoulder. Workers said the thick lip kept the tone from buzzing. The old bell, thin from shoulder to lip, had buzzed whenever rain blew into the tower. The new bell was hung in that same tower the following week.

  1. 62.According to the passage "Thick Rim," why was the new bell thicker at the lip?

Two Bridge Stories

Text 1: The oral history says the footbridge was built so mail could cross when the creek ran high. Carriers used it every spring for ten years.

Text 2: A later interview says the bridge was a wedding gift and was rarely used for mail. Town papers list both the wedding date and a mail route.

  1. 63.Which conclusion is best supported by the paired passage "Two Bridge Stories"?

Shaded Lichen

Lichen covered the shaded face of the monument and left the sunny face nearly bare. The stone was the same on both sides, and nobody had scrubbed either face. A guide said sunlight, not a different rock, explained the pattern. She asked visitors not to touch the stone, so they would not treat the bare face as a spot someone had scraped.

  1. 64.In the passage "Shaded Lichen," why does the guide ask visitors not to touch the stone?

Mean Cottage

The narrator calls the fisherman's cottage mean, with one room, a low door, and a table that wobbles. The fisherman loved the place and swept it each evening. Guests who had pictured a grand house looked disappointed and did not stay. He mended the low door each spring and never spoke of moving.

  1. 65.As it is used in the passage "Mean Cottage," the word "mean" most nearly means

Back Riser

The choir director placed the surest readers on the back riser and had them mouth the words on verses the children did not know yet. During the chorus, everyone sang. Parents heard a full sound and did not notice the silent measures. The arrangement hid those gaps while the children learned the verses.

  1. 66.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Back Riser"?

Three Counts

Volunteers counted people inside the park at ten, at two, and at six. On weekdays the six o'clock count was highest, and on Sundays the ten o'clock count was highest. They did not count anyone on the sidewalk past the gate. The report used only those three times inside the park.

  1. 67.According to the passage "Three Counts," when were the park's highest counts?

Damp Log

Beetles left the sunny log after its bark dried and moved into a shaded log that still felt damp. The sunny log had held them first. By the end of the month the damp wood showed fresh tunnels, and the sunny log showed none. The insects had followed the moisture as the first log dried.

  1. 68.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Damp Log"?

Third Knock

The story uses the same knock three times. The first time, the sister ignores it and keeps sewing. The second time, she turns the radio down and listens, and the third time she opens the door. The repetition shows her resistance giving way, rather than three different visitors arriving.

  1. 69.In the passage "Third Knock," the repeated knock serves mainly to do what?

Brown Glaze

The icon painter tempered the brightest halos by brushing a thin brown glaze over the gold. Uncovered gold threw light into people's eyes at the chapel door. With the glaze, the halos still shone, but viewers could look at the painted faces. She left one small halo bare so the difference would show.

  1. 70.As it is used in the passage "Brown Glaze," the word "tempered" most nearly means

Return Slate

Workshop members could take a tool home if they wrote a return day on the slate by the door. Tools with no date stayed on the wall. Over the next month more projects were finished at home, and fewer tools went missing. The slate helped because it made each borrowing visible.

  1. 71.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Return Slate"?

Heron Tides

Text 1: Herons hunted the marsh edge when the mud was bare and left when water covered it. Observers recorded no herons there at high tide.

Text 2: During one very low tide, herons also used the mud farther out. They left that outer mud as soon as the water came back.

  1. 72.According to the paired passage "Heron Tides," when do the herons use the mud?

Dust on the Keys

The piano lid stayed shut all winter, and the bench held a stack of mending. In March the mending moved to a side chair, and someone wiped the keys. Nobody played that afternoon, but the room had been made ready. A neighbor heard scales on the first warm evening.

  1. 73.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Dust on the Keys"?

Margin Nut

A cook long ago wrote in the margin of a printed cookbook, naming a cheaper nut for a season when the printed nut was scarce. The museum shows those pages open to the notes. The printed recipe alone would hide how she changed the dish. The notes are on view so visitors can see the change.

  1. 74.In the passage "Margin Nut," why does the museum show the handwritten notes?

Stairwell Shovel

Neighbors pooled their coins for one snow shovel and one bag of salt. No single household owned either item. The shovel hung in the stairwell under a sign saying to bring it back the same day. Putting the money together let the building buy what one week's rent could not cover.

  1. 75.As it is used in the passage "Stairwell Shovel," the word "pooled" most nearly means

Alley Vine

A vine on the alley fence opened its flowers after dusk and closed them before the bakery lamps came on. Moths visited while the flowers were open. The baker, who saw the fence only in the early morning, thought the plant had failed. The flowers were on a schedule she never saw.

  1. 76.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Alley Vine"?

Blue Tickets

The usher tore red tickets at the door and left blue tickets whole. Red meant a seat on the floor, and blue meant the balcony was still being cleaned. People with blue tickets waited in the lobby until the usher waved them upstairs. The bucket was gone before those blue tickets were torn.

  1. 77.According to the passage "Blue Tickets," why did people with blue tickets wait?

Dull Rehearsal

The drummer covered a split drumhead with a round patch of hide and played the rehearsal anyway. The sound was duller than usual, and the director asked what had changed. The drummer pointed to the patch. For the concert she fitted a new head, and the brighter tone returned.

  1. 78.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Dull Rehearsal"?

Laundry Map

The tenants pinned a map in the laundry room and added a dot wherever a complaint began. Dots clustered by the back stairs and by one leaking window. After the stair light was fixed, new dots there stopped, while dots by the window kept appearing. The map made plain which problem had ended and which had not.

  1. 79.In the passage "Laundry Map," the dots are described mainly in order to do what?

Staked Brush

The soil slide was arrested by a row of staked brush before it reached the footpath. Dirt piled against the brush and stopped moving. Above the row, bare ground still showed where the slide had started. The stakes did not rebuild the slope, but they kept the soil from traveling farther.

  1. 80.As it is used in the passage "Staked Brush," the word "arrested" most nearly means

Loaf on the Step

Text 1: In the tale, a baker leaves a loaf on the step each dawn for anyone who is hungry. She never asks for the person's name.

Text 2: Years later the step is bare, and her apprentice leaves the loaf at the mill instead. Hungry people learn to look there, and the gift continues in a new place.

  1. 81.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the paired passage "Loaf on the Step"?

Chipped Letter

The printer set a short poem in a narrow column and a shop notice in a wide one. The poem used older type, which had a chipped letter R. The notice used new type with no chip at all. A reader could tell the two jobs apart by the column width and by that letter.

  1. 82.According to the passage "Chipped Letter," how was the poem set?

Posted Mark

The town opened the firehouse hall for the night when the temperature fell below a number posted on the door. Cots stayed stacked on milder nights. During the coldest week the hall filled, and a church basement took the people who did not fit. That posted number, not a holiday list, decided when the cots came out.

  1. 83.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Posted Mark"?

Morning Oaks

Grackles filled the town oaks at dusk and left those trees empty by sunrise. The groundskeeper feared the birds were harming the limbs until she found them undamaged after a week. She wrote that the gathering was only for the night and was not a nesting stay. The empty trees each morning backed up that correction.

  1. 84.In the passage "Morning Oaks," the empty trees at sunrise are mentioned mainly in order to do what?

Fast Apron

The dyer's card said the apron colors were fast. After three washings the blue had not grown pale, and the red thread still matched a scrap tied at the hem. The buyer had feared that cheap dye would bleed in the wash water. She kept the apron once the washed cloth still matched that scrap.

  1. 85.As it is used in the passage "Fast Apron," the word "fast" most nearly means

Kept Lanterns

The company rehearsed the storm scene with lanterns after the electric cues went out. Actors slowed their walks because each pool of light was small. The director kept two lantern cues in the final performance even after the power returned. Those cues saved a look the failure had revealed.

  1. 86.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Kept Lanterns"?

Ten-Ride Card

Riders could buy a card good for ten rides or pay a single fare each time they boarded. The card cost less than ten single fares. A checker punched the card at the door and took no coins from those riders. Riders without a card paid the driver.

  1. 87.According to the passage "Ten-Ride Card," how did the card differ from paying each ride?

Late Saddle

Flowers on the rocky saddle opened two weeks later than flowers of the same kind in the valley. The valley plants received no extra water that year. Snow left the saddle last, and buds there opened only after bare ground showed. The delay followed the late snow.

  1. 88.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Late Saddle"?

Cracked Cup

The narrator notes that the guest drank from the cracked cup, the one never offered to outsiders. Whole cups were stacked within easy reach. A stranger would have been handed a cup with no crack. Using the cracked cup shows the guest was treated as one of the household.

  1. 89.In the passage "Cracked Cup," the cracked cup is mentioned primarily in order to do what?

Heavy Base

Text 1: The critic calls the sculpture's base heavy and spends most of the review on that block. She barely mentions the figure standing above it.

Text 2: The sculptor replies that the base is heavy only because the stone is dense. He says viewers talk about the figure first, not about the block.

  1. 90.As it is used in Text 1 of the paired passage "Heavy Base," the word "heavy" most nearly means

Friday Stories

The librarian moved story time from Saturday noon to Friday evening, and more adults brought children after work. Saturday noon had drawn mostly small children with a parent who was free that day. The move added no new books to the shelves. What changed was which households could come in the door.

  1. 91.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Friday Stories"?

Flooded Field

Sandpipers fed on the river bar only when it stood above the water. On the day the river ran high, the bar stayed covered, and the birds fed in a flooded field instead. The next morning the bar showed again, and the sandpipers were back on it. The field was a substitute, not the place they chose first.

  1. 92.According to the passage "Flooded Field," what did the sandpipers do when the bar was covered?

Rewound Yarn

A half-finished sleeve lay across the arm of the chair for weeks. Dust settled on the needles, and the cat slept on the yarn. One evening the yarn was wound smooth again, and the stitches looked tight. Someone in the house had picked the work up without saying so.

  1. 93.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Rewound Yarn"?

Long Labels

The gallery printed long labels beside the portraits and short labels beside the landscapes. Visitors read the portrait labels aloud and gave the landscapes only a glance. A teacher asked the next year for landscape labels of the same length. The difference in length had steered where the group paid attention.

  1. 94.In the passage "Long Labels," the label lengths are mentioned primarily in order to do what?

Crosswalk Motion

The block council tabled the motion for a painted crosswalk. The item stayed on the list for the next meeting, and no vote was taken that night. Speakers for and against it were told they would be heard at that later meeting. The notes from the night record neither a yes nor a no.

  1. 95.As it is used in the passage "Crosswalk Motion," the word "tabled" most nearly means

Dark-Night Crabs

Crabs crossed the mudflat in numbers only on nights with no moon. On bright nights that same flat looked empty, though the burrows stayed open. Herons walked the flat on the bright nights and were absent on the dark ones. The crabs appeared on the nights when those hunters were gone.

  1. 96.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Dark-Night Crabs"?

Barns and Bridges

From the train window Paul counted red barns until the river, then counted bridges until the city. He wrote both totals on a timetable he did not otherwise use. There were four red barns and two bridges. When he told his sister, he had forgotten the barns and remembered only the bridges.

  1. 97.According to the passage "Barns and Bridges," what did Paul remember for his sister?

Left Cracks

The violin maker left the cracked coating on the old instrument instead of stripping it off. Buyers asked her for a shiny surface. She said the cracks showed a hundred years of playing and declined those jobs. People who wanted that history paid her price, while people who wanted shine went to other shops.

  1. 98.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Left Cracks"?

Closed Well

Text 1: A town leaflet says the well closed because neighbors wasted water. It urges people to draw less and never mentions the pump.

Text 2: The repair log says a pump seal failed and the well stayed shut until the part arrived. The log gives no rule about how much water to draw.

  1. 99.In the paired passage "Closed Well," how does the repair log differ from the leaflet?

Proud Ridge

The field notes call one ridge proud of the plain around it. Rock along that line resisted the wear that lowered the ground on either side. From the road the ridge stands up like a wall. Travelers use that high line as a landmark when haze covers the lower ground.

  1. 100.As it is used in the passage "Proud Ridge," the word "proud" most nearly means

Clean Pair

Rafi left his muddy shoes on the step and put on the clean pair by the mat before he went inside. His grandmother never had to ask him. When he forgot, she wiped the floor without a word, and the next day the clean pair was set out again. Those spare shoes, quietly put back, kept the mud outside.

  1. 101.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Clean Pair"?

Dolphin Eye

The mosaic crew replaced only the tiles that had fallen out, matching old colors from a tray of saved fragments. They did not redraw the dolphin in the center. A gap in the border was filled in, and the dolphin's eye, still the original tile, was left as it was. The work stopped at the pieces that were missing.

  1. 102.According to the passage "Dolphin Eye," what did the crew leave as it was?

Fourth Arrival

The clinic kept three walk-in places each morning and gave the other hours to people who had appointments. Anyone who arrived after the third walk-in was offered a later appointment, sometimes days away. A parent who came fourth waited, then took a Thursday time. The cap on walk-in places, not a personal refusal, turned that morning into a delay.

  1. 103.Which conclusion is best supported by the passage "Fourth Arrival"?

Clear Slope

Frost whitened the low hollow and left the slope above it clear. The same plants grew in both places. The farmer pointed to the hollow when she explained the blackened blossoms at the bottom. The clear slope beside it shows that the cold air's place, not the kind of plant, matched the damage.

  1. 104.In the passage "Clear Slope," why is the unfrosted slope mentioned?

Close Notes

The editor gave the story a close reading, stopping at each pronoun to see who it named. She did the work in another room, well away from the writer. Question marks filled the margin of the third paragraph, where one pronoun could have named two people. She would not pass the story on until those names were settled.

  1. 105.As it is used in the passage "Close Notes," the word "close" most nearly means

Alley Walls

Shopkeepers on the block allowed paintings on their side walls and refused them on the fronts. Those side walls faced an alley the arts group had swept and lit. The fronts stayed bare so each shop name could be read from the street. The paintings brightened the alley and did not cover the signs.

  1. 106.Which statement best expresses the central idea of the passage "Alley Walls"?

Residence Cut

The court clerk read the jury list slowly and crossed off people who had moved out of the district. A person who no longer lived there was released before any question was asked. People who still lived in the district stayed on the list even if they hoped to leave. The first cut was about where they lived, not about what they believed.

  1. 107.According to the passage "Residence Cut," who was removed before questions began?

Hooded Lamps

Text 1: Swallows nested under the depot eaves and hunted insects over the platform. While the lamps burned all night, insects crowded those lamps beside the eaves.

Text 2: Hoods were fitted so the lamps threw their light downward. Insects left the eaves, the swallows hunted over the lit platform, and the nests stayed where they were.

  1. 108.Which conclusion is best supported by the paired passage "Hooded Lamps"?